挖掘机虚拟载荷下换向阀开启过程的液动力分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高换向阀开启过程的换向性能，以降低该过程的液动力为目标，提出液压挖掘机虚拟载荷下开启过程的阀芯结构形态设计方法。即以液压挖掘机整机动态性能试验数据为基础, 将其作业的周期性、随机性载荷特征抽象为具有统计特性的虚拟载荷；再以虚拟载荷为边界条件，以降低开启过程阀芯所受液动力为评价，分析不同阀芯结构形态的流固耦合动力学响应，探讨换向阀阀芯结构优化设计方法。结果表明，合理等效阀口面积的U型槽结构可有效降低不同虚拟载荷下的阀芯液动力，为实际阀芯设计提供指导意义。

关键词: 换向性能, 虚拟载荷, 液动力, 流固耦合, 结构设计

Abstract: For the purpose of improving the Muti-valve’s commutation ability and reducing the valve’s flow forces during its opening, a hydraulic excavator valve structure design method is put forward in the condition of virtual load. First, the excavator virtual load model was established by the excavator dynamic performance test data, statistics were used to express the load’s periodic and random characteristics. Then, a 3D valve model with the boundary conditions of virtual load was proposed to solve the flow forces during the valve’s opening and the fluid structure interaction method was used. Finally, the flow force response characteristics of different valve spool structures were presented by the model. The results show that spool with U-groove of moderate equivalent valve orifice area can effectively reduce the flow force under series of virtual loads.

Key words: commutation ability, virtual load, flow force, fluid-structure interaction, spool design

王安麟王坚付志翼. 挖掘机虚拟载荷下换向阀开启过程的液动力分析[J]. .

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