基于DS-InSAR的蒲河煤矿采空区地表形变监测与开采参数反演

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2024.06.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）技术在有植被覆盖的矿区难以识别到足够多的监测点目标，导致形变结果无法反映矿区真实形变特征.采用分布式散射体InSAR分析方法，能够有效提高植被密集区域雷达相干目标数量，从而准确描述矿区形变的时间演化规律和空间分布特征.矿区长期高强度开采会引发采空区的地表变形，严重威胁矿区基础设施建设和人员生命财产安全.基于沈阳蒲河煤矿采空区InSAR高精度监测数据，通过地球物理建模反演得到矿区地下关键开采参数，模拟的矿区形变场与InSAR监测结果较为一致，且反演开采参数符合真实开采情况.结合InSAR监测结果与Okada 模型反演矿区参数，能够准确描述由采矿造成的采空区地表形变，为科学制定地下开采计划及矿区可持续开发提供重要信息.

关键词: 矿区地面沉降, 合成孔径雷达干涉测量, 分布式散射体, 地球物理建模, 形变监测

Abstract:

Interferometic synthetic aperture radar （InSAR） technology has shown great application potential in monitoring geological disasters in mining areas. However， it is difficult for conventional time?series InSAR technology to detect enough radar targets in mining areas covered by vegetation， which causes underestimation or inaccurate estimation of deformation results. Aiming at the scarcity of measurement points in complex mining areas， the distributed scatterer InSAR analysis method can effectively increase the number of measurement points in the vegetation covered area， thereby accurately describing the temporal evolution and spatial distribution characteristics of deformation in mining areas. The long?term and high?intensity mining activities will cause the surface deformation of the goaf， posing serious threats to sustainable mining， infrastructure construction and the safety of lives and property. In order to understand the mining situation in the goaf of Puhe Coal Mine in Shenyang， based on InSAR high?precision monitoring data， the key underground mining parameters in the mine area are obtained through geophysical modeling inversion. The deformation field simulated based on the optimal parameters is consistent with the InSAR monitoring results， and the inversion mining parameters conform to the actual mining situation. Combining InSAR monitoring results with Okada model to invert mining area parameters can truly reflect the actual mining situation， accurately describe the surface deformation of goaf， and provide important information for scientific formulation of underground mining plans and sustainable development of the mining area.

Key words: ground subsidence in mining area, interferometry synthetic aperture radar, distributed scatterer, geophysical modeling, deformation monitoring

中图分类号:

TP 722.6

敖萌, 孙颖, 魏恋欢, 张化南. 基于DS-InSAR的蒲河煤矿采空区地表形变监测与开采参数反演[J]. 东北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 45(6): 866-873.

Meng AO, Ying SUN, Lian-huan WEI, Hua-nan ZHANG. Surface Deformation Monitoring and Mining Parameters Inversion of Puhe Coal Mine Goaf Based on DS-InSAR[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2024, 45(6): 866-873.

图/表 12

图1 实地调研现场照片

Fig.1 Photos of on?site investigation

表1 SAR数据参数列表

Table 1 Parameter list of SAR data

数据集	TerraSAR-X
轨道方向	升轨
模式	SM
获取时间	20150825—20170421
影像数/景	27
波长/m	0.031
入射角/（°）	23.9
方位角/（°）	348.71
极化方式	HH
分辨率/m（距离向/方位向）	2.89/3.30

图2 数据时空基线分布图

Fig.2 Illustration of temporal?spatial baseline distribution

图3 SAR数据覆盖范围

Fig.3 Coverage of SAR dataset

图4 DS-InSAR数据处理流程

Fig.4 Flowchart of DS-InSAR data processing

图5 Okada模型的几何示意图

Fig.5 Geometry of Okada model

图6 研究区平均强度图和同质像元图（a）—平均强度图；（b）—识别出的SHP数量.

Fig.6 Multi?image mean intensity map and number of SHP identified of study area

图7 蒲河煤矿年形变速率结果（a）—DS-InSAR；（b）—SBAS.

Fig.7 Annual deformation rate results of Puhe Coal Mine

图8 蒲河煤矿形变剖线图（a）—沿水平方向剖线AA'；（b）—沿竖直方向剖线BB'.

Fig.8 Deformation along profile of Puhe Coal Mine

图9 监测点目标形变时间序列

Fig.9 Time series of different MPs

表2 Okada反演模型最优参数

Table 2 Optimal parameters of Okada inversion model

反演参数	源位置X/m	源位置Y/m	长度/m	宽度/m	深度/m	张量/m	走向/（°）
最优估值	571	248	1 092	1 216	519	-0.07	31

图10 基于DS-InSAR结果的Okada模型正演形变场（a）—DS-InSAR形变监测结果；（b）—Okada模型正演结果；（c）—残差结果.

Fig.10 Deformation field of Okada model based on DS-InSAR results

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