东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1167-1177.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2024.08.013

• 资源与土木工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

遗留煤柱诱发岩层破断微震响应及前兆特征

牟文强1, 李连崇1, 刘洪磊1, 余国锋2   

  1. 1.东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
    2.煤炭开采国家工程技术研究院 深部煤炭开采与环境保护国家重点实验室,安徽 淮南 232001
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-10 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-11-12
  • 作者简介:牟文强(1991-),男,山东滨州人,东北大学副教授
    李连崇(1978-),男,辽宁朝阳人,东北大学教授,博士生导师;
    刘洪磊(1981-),男,山东枣庄人,东北大学教授,博士生导师.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204089);中国博士后基金资助项目(2022M720680)

Microseismic Response and Precursory Characteristics of Rock Failure Induced by Residual Coal Pillar

Wen-qiang MU1, Lian-chong LI1, Hong-lei LIU1, Guo-feng YU2   

  1. 1.School of Resources & Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Mining and Environmental Protection,National Academy of Coal Mining Engineering and Technology,Huainan 232001,China. Corresponding author: LI Lian-chong,E-mail: lilianchong@mail. neu. edu. cn
  • Received:2023-04-10 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-11-12

摘要:

为揭示深井遗留煤柱失稳诱发顶板异常破断及前兆特性,利用统计方法分析了下层回采岩层动力响应微震特征,探究了多源参数在岩层破断失稳前兆中的控制特征,建立了基于关键切线斜率与多参量的强动力响应控制指标模型及预测方法.结果表明,基于统计方法可规避震源数据离散性而确定岩层集中损伤区;动力响应由弱变强的过程中微震具有典型的时间特征:能量指数呈急剧上升—平稳—急剧下降3个阶段,累计视体积呈平稳过渡—急剧增长2个阶段,b值呈减小—低值稳定的趋势.对比遗留煤柱区矿压显现特征,以能量指数对数值以及累计视体积的变化率为主控前兆指标,能量总值、b值及矿山压力作为次控前兆指标的响应模型及预测方法具备可行性.

关键词: 动力响应, 微震监测, 震源参数, 变化率, 控制指标

Abstract:

To reveal the disastrous failure and precursory characteristics caused by the instability of the residual coal pillar under the deep mining, the microseismic (MS) characteristics from the dynamic response of the lower mining strata are analyzed by using the statistical method. The control characteristics of multi?source parameters in the prediction of rock fracture are explored. The key tangent slope and multi?parameters are established as the control index model and prediction method of strong dynamic response of rock stratum. The results show that the data discreteness can be avoided with the statistical method for source parameters and the aggregated damage area of rock stratum can be delineated. In the process of dynamic response from weak to strong, the source parameters have typical time characteristics: the energy index presents three stages: from sharp rise to steady to sharp decline, and the cumulative apparent volume is in the stage of smooth transition to sharp increase, and the b value is in the trend of decreasing to low value and stable. Compared with the ground pressure behaviour characteristics of the residual coal pillar area, the response model and prediction method of taking the logarithm value of energy index and the change rate of cumulative apparent volume trend change as the main control precursor index, and multi?source parameters such as total energy, b value and ground pressure as the secondary control precursor index are feasible.

Key words: dynamic response, microseismic monitoring, seismic parameter, changing rate, control index

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