航空发动机燃油泵调节器计量活门特性分析

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20239049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高航空发动机燃油泵调节器系统的控制精度和品质，构建了基于AMESim的航空发动机计量活门仿真模型和实验测试平台，解析了发动机出口流量与活门开度之间的线性变化关系.活门前后压力先缓慢增加，在活门开度达到60%后迅速增大，但二者的压力差基本维持在0.5 MPa.仿真与实验结果的变化趋势一致，稳态误差控制在5%以内，动态误差控制在10%以内.同时研究了系统转速和出口负载对计量活门工作特性的影响，发现系统转速对计量活门前后压力影响较大，易引发压力超调和液压冲击现象；而出口负载对计量活门前后压力影响较小，虽无超调，但有轻微的滞后现象.

关键词: 航空发动机, 燃油泵调节器, 计量活门, 稳态特性, 动态特性

Abstract:

In order to improve the control accuracy and performance quality of fuel pump regulators for an aero engine， a simulation model and an experimental bench of the metering valve were built based on AMESim， and the linear relationship between the engine outlet flow and the valve’s opening degree was analyzed. It was found that the engine outlet flow changes linearly with valve opening， but both the inlet and outlet pressures change slowly initially and then increase greatly when the valve’s opening reaches 60%. Meanwhile， the pressure difference of the inlet and outlet is almost at 0.5 MPa. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results， and the differences of the steady and dynamic states are below 5% and 10%， respectively. Furthermore， the effects of the system’s rotating speed and outlet load on the metering valve performance were also studied， and it was found that the system’s rotating speed plays a large role on the metering valve performance as there can be some pressure overshoot and hydraulic impact when it changes， whereas the outlet load plays a small role on the metering valve performance as there is no pressure overshoot but there is a little lagging.

Key words: aero engine, fuel pump regulator, metering valve, steady characteristics, dynamic characteristics

中图分类号:

蔡惠坤, 李朝阳, 周毅博, 徐晨. 航空发动机燃油泵调节器计量活门特性分析[J]. 东北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 46(4): 71-77.

Hui-kun CAI, Zhao-yang LI, Yi-bo ZHOU, Chen XU. Characteristic Analysis on Metering Valves of Fuel Pump Regulators in Aero Engines[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(4): 71-77.

图/表 13

图1 计量活门（a）—结构示意图；（b）—仿真模型图.

Fig.1 Metering valve

表1 计量活门参数

Table 1 Parameters of the metering valve

参数名称	参数值
腔直径/mm	16
杆直径/mm	8
最小开度/mm	0
最大开度/mm	11
过流面积/mm²	(0.9×x)/1 000
水力直径/mm	1.8×x /(0.9+1 000×x)
预紧力/N	15
弹簧刚度/(N·s^-1)	2.381

图2 溢流孔

Fig.2 Overflow orifice

图3 燃油组合泵（a）—结构示意图；（b）—仿真模型图.

Fig.3 Fuel combination pump

图4 停车活门（a）—仿真模型图；（b）—停车活门模拟电信号.

Fig.4 Braking valve

图5 燃油泵调节器系统仿真模型图

Fig.5 Simulation model diagram of the fuel pump regulator system

图6 燃油泵调节器实验台管路连接示意图1—燃油泵调节器进口； 2—低压泵出口到燃油滤；3—燃油滤出口到高压泵； 4—滤油口；5—计量出口； 6—放气口.

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of the fuel pump regulator test bench piping connections

表2 计量活门开度与发动机出口流量关系 (metering valve opening ratio)

Table 2 Relationship between engine outlet flow and

活门开度/%	实验流量	仿真流量	相对误差/%
活门开度/%	kg·h^-1	kg·h^-1	相对误差/%
10	66.4	62.4	4.5
20	130.1	134.9	0.7
30	189.5	198.3	4.7
40	248.4	257.2	0.5
50	310.1	320.3	0.3
60	371.9	384.8	0.5
70	430.6	440.9	0.4
80	496.4	495.9	0.1
90	554.8	554.1	0.1
100	591.3	590.2	0.2

图7 计量活门进出口压力、压差随开度变化曲线（a）—实验结果；（b）—仿真结果.

Fig.7 Inlet and outlet pressure and pressure difference of the metering valve vs. its opening ratio

图8 装置出口流量与计量活门开度的关系（a）—实验结果；（b）—仿真结果.

Fig.8 Outlet flow rate of the device vs. metering valve opening ratio

图9 活门进出口压力响应曲线（a）—实验结果；（b）—仿真结果.

Fig.9 Inlet and outlet pressure curves of the metering valve

图10 计量活门进出口压力、压差随系统转速的变化曲线

Fig.10 Inlet and outlet pressure and pressure difference of the metering valve vs. system rotating speed

图11 计量活门进出口压力随出口负载的变化曲线

Fig.11 Inlet and outlet pressures of the metering valve vs. outlet load

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