单螺旋叶片生物质燃气旋流燃烧器旋流特性研究

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究生物质燃气旋流燃烧器中气体旋流对扩散和混合的影响及其对燃烧性能的作用机制，在实验的基础上建立了单螺旋叶片生物质旋流燃烧器三维气体流动和组分输运的数学物理模型.以Fluent 19.0为计算平台，系统研究了空气管道螺旋叶片的缠绕圈数、螺旋节距、空气流道横截面积和变径管长度对燃烧器出口处气体旋流的影响，并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明：数值模拟结果与实验测试结果一致；螺旋叶片缠绕圈数对气体旋流影响很小，但螺旋节距对气体旋流有着决定性的作用；在其他条件不变时，随着螺旋节距的减小，出口气流的角速度逐渐增大；随着空气流道横截面积的增加，出口气流的角速度逐渐减小；变径管越短，气体的旋流强度越高.

关键词: 生物质燃气, 旋流燃烧器, 单螺旋叶片, 变径管

Abstract:

To study the effects of gas swirling flow on diffusion and mixing characteristics and its mechanism of influence on combustion performance in biomass gas swirl burners， a mathematical and physical model for the 3-dimensional gas flow and component transport was established in a single-helix-blade biomass swirl burner based on experimental investigations. Using Fluent 19.0 as the computational platform， a systematic study was conducted on the effects of the number of helical blade turns in the air duct， helical pitch， air channel cross-sectional area， and variable-diameter pipe length， on the gas swirling flow at the burner outlet. The results were compared with experimental findings. The results indicate that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the experimental test results. The number of helical blade turns has a minimal impact on the gas swirling flow， while the helical pitch has a decisive influence. When other conditions remain unchanged， the angular velocity of the outlet airflow increases gradually with the decrease in helical pitch； the angular velocity of the outlet airflow decreases gradually with the increase in air channel cross-sectional area. As the variable-diameter pipe gets shorter， the swirling intensity of the gas is stronger.

Key words: biomass gas, swirl burner, single-helix-blade, variable-diameter pipe

中图分类号:

TQ 522.15

冯明杰, 夏毓谦, 刘晟晖, 李杰. 单螺旋叶片生物质燃气旋流燃烧器旋流特性研究[J]. 东北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 46(9): 51-57.

Ming-jie FENG, Yu-qian XIA, Sheng-hui LIU, Jie LI. Study on Swirling Flow Characteristics of Single-Helix-Blade Biomass Gas Swirl Burner[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(9): 51-57.

图/表 9

图1 燃烧器结构示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of burner structure

图2 实验装置示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of experimental setup

表1 数值模拟采用的主要参数值

Table 1 Main parameter values used in numerical simulation

Gas1流量 m₁/(kg·s^-1)	Gas2流量 m₂/(kg·s^-1)	螺旋节距 P/mm	叶片缠绕圈数 N	空气流道横截面积 A/m²	变径管长度 L/mm
0.038	0.016	40	2	0.061 3	22
		50	3	0.033 9	45
		60	4	0.023 4	62
		70	5	0.019 1	80

图3 网格剖分

Fig.3 Grid division

图4 采用不同网格计算结果的比较

Fig.4 Comparison of different grid simulating results

图5 模拟结果与测试结果的比较

Fig.5 Comparison of numerical simulating and testing results

图6 当A=0.0613 m2，L=45 mm时不同P下燃烧器出口角速度沿径向的变化

Fig.6 Angular velocity variation along radial direction at burner outlet with varying P when A=0.061 3 m2 and L=45 mm

图7 当P=60 mm，L=45 mm时不同A下燃烧器出口角速度沿径向的变化

Fig.7 Angular velocity variation along radial direction at burner outlet with varying A when P=60 mm and L=45 mm

图8 当P=60 mm，A=0.033 9 m2时不同L下燃烧器出口角速度沿径向的变化

Fig.8 Angular velocity variation along radial direction at burner outlet with varying L when P=60 mm and A=0.033 9 m2

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