关键词: 水蒸气传感器, 固体电解质, ZrO2(掺杂), 电池, 电动势

Abstract: A steam sensor composed of concentration cells has been developed using a small tube made from ZrO2 mixed with Y2O3, which was sintered to form solid electrolyte according to a certain regime. The reference electrode used was made from H2C2O4 mixed with H2C2O4·2H2O or Na2SO4 mixed with Na2SO4·l0H2O, of which either equilibrium steam pressure was given by a physic-chemical principle. It is revealed different partial pressures of steam can be obtained if adding some nonvolatile solutes into solvent. So, the other electrode for measurement was made from pure water or KOH solution of different concentrations, thus forming concentration cells for steam. Sensitivity experiments have been done separately for the cells as above in the ranges from 0 to 35°C and from 8 to 23°C . The results revealed that the EMF of cells, E, changes regularly with lg(PH2O(I)/PH2O(II)) where PH2O(I) and PH2O(II) are the partial pressure of steam at the electrode for measurement and at reference electrode, respectively, i.e., E decreases with increase of temperature and E increases with the increase of PH2O(I) at constant temperature. A fit linear relationship is found between E and lg(PH2O(I)/PH2O(II)).