东北大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 291-297.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.03.010

• 法学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论民法典合同编(草案)不当得利第三人返还条款立法取舍——以刑事追赃视角切入

杜志勇   

  1. (厦门大学法学院,福建厦门361005)
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-01 修回日期:2018-11-01 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 杜志勇
  • 作者简介:杜志勇(1988-),男,河南新密人,厦门大学博士研究生,主要从事民法、罗马法研究。

The Selection of Article of the Third-party Restoration in Unjust Enrichment of Civil Contract Code Draft——From the Perspective of Criminal Booty-recovery

DU Zhi-yong   

  1. (Law School, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)
  • Received:2018-11-01 Revised:2018-11-01 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-24
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摘要: 我国《民法典合同编(草案)》第771条规定不当得利第三人返还条款,当第三人有偿时,不区分主观善意或恶意第三人就可取得利益,如此立法值得商榷。一方面,当刑事追赃涉及第三人利益需要民事手段补充救济时,该条款造成民、刑两大部门法相冲突。另一方面,该条款移植与我国不采物权行为理论立场相冲突。比较法上不当得利第三人返还条款有两类三种不同立法例,以拉丁美洲一些国家的民法典为代表,规定第三人有偿时,但主观属恶意的,仍需承担返还责任,以此与善意取得制度衔接。我国民法典借鉴上述规定,有利于实现规范与理论自洽,内部与外部体系协调。

关键词: 不当得利, 刑事追赃, 第三人返还, 善意取得

Abstract: Article 771 of China's Civil Contract Code Draft stipulates the clause of the return of third-party benefits. When the third party is paid, the interests can be obtained without distinguishing subjective goodwill or malice, which is a major defect. On the one hand, when the criminal booty-recovery pursuit involves third-party interests and requires civil means to supplement relief, the clause causes conflicts between the civil and criminal departments. On the other hand, the transplantation of this clause conflicts with the theoretical position of China's non-accepting-real-right behavior. There are three different types of legislative cases in the comparative law as represented by the civil code of some countries in Latin America. When the third party is paid but subjectively malicious, it still needs to bear the responsibility for return. In this way, it is connected with the system of good faith acquisition. Drawing on the above provisions, our national Civil Code is conducive to achieving self-consistency between norms and theories, and internal and external systems.

Key words: unjust enrichment, criminal booty-recovery, third-party return, good faith acquisition

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