Abstract: In order to stimulate the initiative of civil servants at the grass-roots level， the state has introduced the parallel system of positions and ranks. Through in-depth interviews and literature review， three evaluation indicators of the parallel system of positions and ranks are determined， namely the fairness of system implementation， the rationality of the system itself and the effectiveness of parallel system implementation. At the same time， the three dimensions of occupational loyalty， job burnout and professional acquisition that reflect the working status of grass-roots civil servants are identified. 9 hypothetical relationships between 3 evaluation indicators and 3 working status dimensions are established. The mechanism of the influence of the parallel system of positions and ranks on the working status of civil servants is verified， and the difference of the influence of statistical attributes on the incentive effects perceived by grass-roots civil servants is analyzed. The study shows that the fairness of system implementation， the rationality of the system itself， and the effective implementation of the system have a significant impact on the working conditions of civil servants， of which the latter two have stronger influence. Based on the analysis of the empirical results， countermeasures to enhance the incentive effects of the parallel system of positions and ranks are put forward.

Key words: an evaluation system of the parallel system of positions and ranks, work status of civil servants, incentive effect, the parallel system of positions and ranks