Abstract: The world today is undergoing a big change which has not been seen in a century. Various risks and challenges are becoming more and more prominent. The key to building a community with a shared future for mankind lies in focusing on the overall well-being of mankind， regaining the forgotten “human consciousness” and developing a concept of co-existence. In the middle of the 19th century， Marx always maintained his ideological view and value concern for a community of a shared future for mankind when he answered the question of “who is human being” and “where will human being go”， which is prominently reflected in his “species philosophy”. From the dimension of the value of human freedom， Marx lays down the genus existence and genus nature of mankind. From the view of the objective law of social development， he explores the alienation and sublation of man and the process of differentiation and integration of the society， thus providing a profound thought foundation for protecting the bottom line of human common value today and rebuilding the community order of human society. From this point of view， a community of a shared future for mankind is on the extension line of Marx's “species philosophy”.

Key words: Karl Marx, species philosophy, world history, a community with a shared future for mankind