Abstract: With Chinas income gap continuing to widen and Chinese peoples longing for fairness and justice becoming increasingly strong， Hu Jintaos thought of fairness and justice， the newest theoretical achievement of CPCs central leading body， is based on the objective realities of Chinas rapid economic and social development and is consistent with the ideological characteristics of the new era and phase. Hus thought of fairness and justice is rich in content， which mainly includes the thoughts of fairness on right， opportunity， rules as well as distribution， and the thought of fairness and justice on diplomacy and etc.

Key words: Hu Jintao, fairness, justice