Abstract: The localization of science in China mainly occurred in the early 20th century， including three stages of localization which were concept of science， view of science and enterprise of science. The localization of concept of science is reflected in the Japanese translation of “science” in the period of Hundred Days Reform， replacing the Chinese translation “gezhi” in the Westernization Movement. The localization of view of science benefited from promoting the ideological trend of scientific salvation and the realization of May Fourth New Culture Movement， and advocating “Mr. Science” also made the thought of regarding science as an ideological weapon reached its climax. The localization of enterprise of science was implemented in science's becoming a kind of social system and common pursuit. To objectively evaluate this localization of science， its stage characteristics and specific patterns of changing the name of science should be analyzed， it should be made known to the public and the people's opinions about it should be verified， and its negative effects should be reflected upon and the causes should be explored. The historical significance of science's rooting and growing in China is worth affirming.

Key words: science, localization, gezhi, May Fourth New Culture Movement, scientism