What Kind of Skilled Talents Are Needed in the Age of Intelligent Manufacturing?

doi:10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2022.01.003

Abstract

Abstract: Intelligent manufacturing is the core of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation. Based on the nested CES production function， this paper analyzes the impact of the development of intelligent manufacturing on the employment demand of labor force with different skill levels from the perspective of theory and experience. Furthermore， by using feasibility generalized non-linear least squares (FGNLS) method， a normalized supply-side system is established to measure the substitution elasticity of capital for labor force with different skill levels. The results show that the development of intelligent manufacturing will squeeze out unskilled labor force and promote the employment demand for skilled labor force. From a structural point of view， the impact of the development of intelligent manufacturing on the employment demand for labor force with different skill levels in different regions is similar but different at the same time. The development of intelligent manufacturing in most regions has increased the employment demand for skilled labor， especially in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region， and Northeast China， where the demand for highly educated skilled labor is higher than other regions.

Key words: artificial intelligence; intelligent manufacturing; skill training; talent transfer

CLC Number:

C971
F42

SONG Xuguang， ZUO Mahuaqing. What Kind of Skilled Talents Are Needed in the Age of Intelligent Manufacturing?[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science), 2022, 24(1): 16-24.

References

[1]Acemoglu D，Restrepo P. Artificial Intelligence， Automation and Work［R］. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research， 2018.
[2]王春超，丁琪芯. 智能机器人与劳动力市场研究新进展［J］. 经济社会体制比较， 2019(2):178-188.
[3]Bresnahan T F，Brynjolfsson E，Hitt L M. Information Technology， Workplace Organization， and the Demand for Skilled Labor: Firm-level Evidence［J］. The Quarterly Journal of Economics， 2002，117(1):339-376.
[4]Graetz G，Michaels G. Robots at Work［J］. The Review of Economics and Statistics， 2018，100(5):753-768.
[5]Acemoglu D，Restrepo P. Low-skill and High-skill Automation［J］. Journal of Human Capital， 2018，12(2):204-232.
[6]江永红，张彬，郝楠. 产业结构升级是否引致劳动力“极化”现象［J］. 经济学家， 2016(3):24-31.
[7]孙早，侯玉琳. 工业智能化如何重塑劳动力就业结构［J］. 中国工业经济， 2019(5):61-79.
[8]Aghion P，Howitt P. Growth and Unemployment［J］. The Review of Economic Studies， 1994，61(3):477-494.
[9]Benzell S G，Kotlikoff L J，Lagarda G，et al. Robots are Us: Some Economics of Human Replacement［R］. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research， 2015.
[10]Acemoglu D，Restrepo P. Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets［J］. Journal of Political Economy， 2020，128(6):2188-2244.
[11]Sato K. A Two-level Constant-elasticity-of-substitution Production Function［J］. The Review of Economic Studies， 1967，34(2):201-218.
[12]Duffy J，Papageorgiou C，Perez-Sebastian F. Capital-skill Complementarity? Evidence from a Panel of Countries［J］. The Review of Economics and Statistics， 2004，86(1):327-344.
[13]雷钦礼，王阳. 中国技能溢价，要素替代与效率水平变化的估计与分析［J］. 统计研究， 2017(10):29-41.
[14]Caselli F，Coleman W J. The World Technology Frontier［J］. American Economic Review， 2006，96(3):499-522.
[15]Acemoglu D，Autor D. Skills， Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings［M］∥Ashenfelter O，Card D. Handbook of Labor Economics. Amsterdam: Elsevier， 2011.
[16]宋旭光，左马华青. 工业机器人投入、劳动力供给与劳动生产率［J］. 改革， 2019(9):45-54.
[17]Efron B，Tibshirani R J. An Introductin to the Bootstrap［J］. Journal of Great Lakes Research， 1993，20(1):1-6.
[18]连玉君，彭方平，苏治. 融资约束与流动性管理行为［J］. 金融研究， 2010(10):158-171.
[19]于兆吉. 新时代背景下辽宁装备制造业发展路径选择［M］. 沈阳: 辽宁人民出版社， 2020:153.
[20]Box G E，Cox D R. An Analysis of Transformations［J］. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological)， 1964，26(2):211-243.
[21]Klump R，Mcadam P，Willman A. Factor Substitution and Factor-augmenting Technical Progress in the United States: a Normalized Supply-side System Approach［J］. The Review of Economics and Statistics， 2007，89(1):183-192.