东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 60-68.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20230267

• 机械工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

旋转叶片裂纹故障特征提取与分析

官宏1, 熊茜1, 马辉1,2(), 汪伟伟1   

  1. 1.东北大学 机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
    2.东北大学 航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-13 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-05-29
  • 通讯作者: 马辉
  • 作者简介:官 宏(1995—),男,四川乐山人,东北大学博士研究生
    马 辉(1978—),男,河北安平人,东北大学教授,博士生导师.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(11972112)

Fault Feature Extraction and Analysis of Rotating Blade Cracks

Hong GUAN1, Qian XIONG1, Hui MA1,2(), Wei-wei WANG1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System,Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China.
  • Received:2023-09-13 Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-05-29
  • Contact: Hui MA
  • About author:MA Hui E-mail: mahui_2007@163.com

摘要:

为了实现叶片裂纹故障特征提取,首先,基于Mindlin-Reissner壳单元建立含呼吸效应的裂纹叶片有限元模型,求解裂纹叶片在离心载荷与气动载荷共同作用下的动力学响应,为故障特征提取提供激励信号输入.然后,建立基于非线性输出频率响应函数的故障指标以及能量指标.最后,分析各种指标对于旋转叶片裂纹故障特征提取的有效性.结果表明,贡献率指标Fe(n)以及加权贡献率指标Rn(n)对叶片裂纹故障进行诊断时稳定性较差且不敏感,而能量指标在共振与非共振状态下均能有效提取叶片裂纹故障特征.所得结论可以为旋转叶片裂纹故障的特征提取、分析及指标筛选提供工程技术指导.

关键词: 旋转叶片, 呼吸裂纹, 故障特征提取, 能量指标, 有限元法

Abstract:

To complete the fault characteristic extraction of blade cracks, a finite element model of a cracked blade incorporating breathing effect was first established based on the Mindlin-Reissner shell element. The dynamic response of the cracked blade under the combined action of centrifugal and aerodynamic loads was solved, providing excitation signal input for fault feature extraction. Then, fault indicators based on the nonlinear output frequency response function and energy indicators were established. Finally, the effectiveness of various indicators in extracting the fault characteristics of rotating blade cracks was analyzed. The results showed that the contribution rate indicator Fen) and weighted contribution rate indicator Rnn) are unstable and insensitive in diagnosing blade crack faults, whereas the energy indicator effectively extracts blade crack fault characteristics under both resonant and non-resonant state. These results provide engineering guidance for feature extraction, analysis, and indicator selection of rotating blade crack faults.

Key words: rotating blade, breathing crack, fault feature extraction, energy indicator, finite element method

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