东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1409-1416.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2024.10.006

• 机械工程 • 上一篇    

柔性机械臂运动速度的PI控制策略

李小彭1(), 陈国文1, 尹猛2, 付嘉兴1   

  1. 1.东北大学 机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
    2.中国科学院 深圳先进技术研究院,广东 深圳 518055
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-08 出版日期:2024-10-31 发布日期:2024-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 李小彭
  • 作者简介:李小彭(1976-),男,江西宁都人,东北大学教授,博士生导师.
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300159)

PI Control Strategy for the Moving Speed of Flexible Robotic Arms

Xiao-peng LI1(), Guo-wen CHEN1, Meng YIN2, Jia-xing FU1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
    2.Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China.
  • Received:2023-05-08 Online:2024-10-31 Published:2024-12-31
  • Contact: Xiao-peng LI
  • About author:LI Xiao‑peng,E-mail:XPLi@me.neu.edu.cn

摘要:

柔性机械臂和柔性负载会随着机械臂位姿的改变,导致转动惯量等具体参数发生改变,进而对伺服驱动系统的输出转速产生影响.采用相同阻尼系数的极点配置方法对驱动系统的比例-积分(proportional-integral,PI)控制器参数进行调节,使PI控制器随机械臂位姿改变自动调节参数,动态稳定电动机输出转速.根据拉格朗日原理和连续体振动理论建立数学模型,通过状态方程获得传递函数,采用相同阻尼系数极点配置方法调节PI控制器参数,应用到转速环控制中.分析阻尼系数与自然频率对系统谐振峰值、谐振频率和带宽的影响.通过数值仿真证明,合理调节阻尼系数可以减小伺服驱动系统转速波动.通过与齐格勒-尼科尔斯法则自整定(Ziegler-Nichols self-tuning,Z-N)方法的对比,表明相同阻尼系数的极点配置方法使系统达到稳定的时间更短.

关键词: 柔性机械臂, 柔性负载, PI控制器, 相同阻尼系数极点配置法, 伺服驱动系统

Abstract:

A flexible robotic arm and its flexible load may result in changes to such specific parameters as rotational inertia as the arm’s posture changes, subsequently affecting the output speed of the servo drive system. By using a pole placement method with the same damping coefficient, the parameters of the proportional-integral (PI) controller in the drive system are adjusted, enabling the PI controller to automatically adjust its parameters in response to changes in the robotic arm’s posture, thereby dynamically stabilizing the motor’s output speed. A mathematical model is established based on the Lagrangian principles and continuum vibration theory, and the transfer function is obtained through state equations. The PI controller parameters are adjusted using the pole placement method with the same damping coefficient and applied to the speed loop control. The impact of the damping coefficient and natural frequency on the system’s resonance peak, resonance frequency, and bandwidth is analyzed. Numerical simulation demonstrates that appropriately adjusting the damping coefficient can reduce speed fluctuations in the servo drive system. A comparison with the Ziegler-Nichols self-tuning (Z-N) method shows that the pole placement method with the same damping coefficient achieves system stability in a shorter time.

Key words: flexible robotic arm, flexible load, PI controller, pole placement method with the same damping coefficient, servo drive system

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