Abstract: The effect of anode gas on interface fluctuation was studied with cold water model experiment based on the principle of similarity. The behavior of interface fluctuation was investigated in the cold water model for the new cathode structure electrolytic cell. The criterion equation of amplitude, which is dependent on a variety of material properties, operating factors and equipment factors, was derived by dimensional analysis. According to the derived criterion equation, the effect of electrolyte level on interface fluctuation was theoretically analyzed to obtain the specific criterion equation. The solutions of criterion equation agree with the experimental results.