东北大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 118-123.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2022.02.014

• 马克思主义理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

从法权启蒙到经济启蒙:马克思对欧洲启蒙思想的批判与超越

刘冰菁   

  1. (南京大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210046)
  • 修回日期:2020-12-01 接受日期:2020-12-01 发布日期:2022-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘冰菁
  • 作者简介:刘冰菁(1990-),女,江苏苏州人,南京大学助理研究员,哲学博士,主要从事马克思主义哲学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金青年资助项目(20CZX003)。

From Legal Enlightenment to Economic Enlightenment: Marx's Critique and Surpass of European Enlightenment

LIU Bingjing   

  1. (School of Marxism, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China)
  • Revised:2020-12-01 Accepted:2020-12-01 Published:2022-05-18
  • Contact: -
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摘要: 马克思与欧洲启蒙思想的关系是马克思主义研究的基础问题。青年马克思受到了欧洲启蒙思想的影响,肯定启蒙提出的理性、自由等原则及实现人类权利的法权方案。但斯密、李嘉图等提供了不同的经济启蒙路径,揭示了构成法权启蒙、落实启蒙目标的动力在于资本主义商品经济活动。在深入研究政治经济学后,马克思不仅批判了启蒙的资本主义现实前提与历史限度,而且当他不再直接批驳启蒙时才真正形成了超越启蒙的方案。因为启蒙作为与资本主义并生的历史产物,对它的超越只能在资本批判的根本视域中才能完成。马克思同欧洲启蒙思想的关系是“结束”基础上的“重新开启”。

关键词: 马克思; 欧洲启蒙思想; 政治经济学; 法权启蒙; 经济启蒙

Abstract: The relationship between Marx and European Enlightenment is a basic issue in Marxism research. Marx as a young man was influenced by European Enlightenment, and he affirmed its principles of rationality and freedom and its legal plan to realize human rights. However, Smith, Ricardo provided another economic enlightenment plan, revealing that what constituted the legal enlightenment and promoted the enlightenment goal lay in the capitalist economic activities. Therefore, with his in-depth studies on political economics, Marx not only revealed the realistic premise and historical limits of the Enlightenment, but also truly formed a project to surpass the Enlightenment when he no longer directly criticized it. Because the Enlightenment is a historical product within capitalism, the way to surpass it can only be realized in the critique of capitalism. The relationship between Marx and European Enlightenment should be reopening on the basis of abandonment.

Key words: Marx; European Enlightenment; political economics; legal enlightenment; economic enlightenment

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