东北大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 119-125.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2024.05.013

• 马克思主义理论研究 • 上一篇    

马克思人的本质思想及其对人的现代化的启示

王国坛,侯明辰   

  1. (辽宁大学哲学院,辽宁沈阳110131)
  • 发布日期:2024-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 王国坛
  • 作者简介:王国坛(1963-),男,辽宁瓦房店人,辽宁大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事马克思主义哲学基础理论研究;侯明辰(1993-),男,辽宁抚顺人,辽宁大学博士研究生,主要从事马克思主义哲学基础理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BFX050)。

Marx's Thought on the Essence of Human Beings and Its Implications for Human Modernization

WANG Guotan, HOU Mingchen   

  1. (School of Philosophy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110131, China)
  • Published:2024-10-10
  • Contact: -
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摘要: 马克思人的本质思想是马克思主义的重要理论基础。这一思想是马克思在欧洲无产阶级反抗资产阶级革命运动和各种共产主义思潮蓬勃兴起的背景下为科学阐释共产主义思想而逐步形成的。马克思把人的本质确立为全面性和自由性的统一,其中的全面性包括全体人的共同发展、个体人的普遍本质,以及观念的总体性和个体人的全面关系等;而自由性包括人的物质生产活动的自由、人的个性才能发挥的自由和职业生活选择的自由。从马克思人的本质思想角度看,西方资本主义现代化的核心是资本的现代化,其结果必然导致人的异化。中国式现代化的核心是人的现代化,这与马克思人的本质思想一脉相承。马克思人的本质思想对当代人的现代化发展具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 马克思; 人的本质; 人的自由全面发展; 人的现代化

Abstract: The essential thought of Marx's human nature is an important theoretical foundation of Marxism, which was formed by Marx's scientific interpretation of communism against the background of the vigorous rise of the European proletarian movement and various communist ideological trends. He established human nature as the unity of comprehensiveness and freedom. The former includes the common development of all people, the universal nature of individuals, the totality of ideas, and the overall relationship between individuals. The latter includes the freedom of material production, the freedom to exert one's personal talents, and the freedom to choose one's career. From the perspective of Marxist human nature, the core of western capitalist modernization is the modernization of capital, which inevitably leads to human alienation. The core of Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of human beings, which comes down in one continuous line with Marx's thought on human nature. Marx's thought on the essence of human beings has important implications for the modernization development of contemporary people.

Key words: Karl Marx; human nature; free and all-round development of human beings; human modernization

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