Abstract: Marx founded Marxism， and it left behind important theoretical questions for the successors， one of which was the productivity basis for socialism and how to build it. Since the reform and opening-up， the CPC and state leaders have seriously summarized the experiences and lessons of the socialist revolution and construction with Chinese characteristics， and solved the issue of the basis for socialist productivity in theory and in practice. The 19th CPC National Congress presented that the process of solving the main contradiction in China is the process of building the foundation of socialist productivity. The basic line is the line guarantee， the basic economic system of socialism is the system guarantee， the primary stage of socialism is time guarantee， the reform and opening-up is the dynamic guarantee， peaceful development is the international environmental guarantee， party leadership is the direction guarantee， and ecological civilization construction is the environmental guarantee.

Key words: productivity of science and technology, basis of socialist productivity, socialism with Chinese characteristics