Abstract: There are abundant thoughts on people being the subject in many of Marx's political articles published in the period of “Rheinische Zeitung”， but the study is a weak link in the academic circle at home and abroad. Marx's main ideas are: “the free press is the heroic mouthpiece of the historical people's spirit and its public form”; law “was born with the will of the people and was created by the will of the people”; the right of representation “shall be understood as the right of representation of the people themselves”; customary law should benefit the poor， demanding for the poor “customary law of the poor of all nations”; the moral nature of events is always an expression of the thoughts， worries and hopes of the people. Needless to say， Marx's thoughts had obvious imprints of enlightenment during this period， but its value implication not only provided the power for the development of Marx's early thoughts， but also created an opportunity for the reform of Marx's world outlook. At the same time， it indicated the possibility of Marx revealing the mystery of historical materialism.

Key words: Karl Marx, people being the subject, period of “Rheinische Zeitung”, political articles