Abstract: Plato systematically depicts the scene of the generation of the universe in the Timaeus. The craftsman creates the universe based on space and elemental traces, using ideas as prototypes. The universe contains the upper lunar boundary composed of moving celestial bodies, as well as the sublunar boundary composed of material entities such as mortal living bodies. The crucial question is: can Platos theory of the universe generate new vitality in modern times? Modern interpreters believe that because Platos description of the generation process of the universe is based on the axiomatic system, Platos cosmology is closely related to the modern big bang model. From the perspective of the axiomatic system, it can be seen that although both of them are based on the axiomatic system of generation and mathematics, there is inconsistency in the dynamic causes of the axiomatic system, and there are also disagreements over regarding spacetime and particles as the ontological basis of the axiomatic system. Consequently, the argument scheme of modern interpreters should be considered dialectically. Platos cosmology is compatible with the modern big bang model, but the essential differences between the two cannot be ignored.

Key words: Plato; cosmogony; big bang; axiomatic system; ontology