Abstract: In the case of counterfactual， the theory of non-causal explanation can better achieve explanatory power in the practice of explanation， and there are counterfactuals in the theories of non-causal explanation such as the counterfactual theory of explanation， structural model explanation and optimality model explanation. However， the combination of counterfactual and non-causal explanation is not sufficient. In the process of applying counterfactual to non-causal explanation， the problem of asymmetry and overcoverage of non-causal explanation are caused， and the problem that all types of non-causal explanation cannot be covered based on counterfactual. The key to solving these problems is to adhere to the explanatory stance of pluralistic intervention liberalism. The combination of explanatory pluralism and structural equation models provides a possible solution to the problems arising from the above explanatory cases， thus realizing the rationality defense of non-causal explanations.

Key words: counterfactual; causal explanation; non-causal explanation; pluralist intervention liberalism