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27 September 2023, Volume 25 Issue 5 Previous Issue   
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy
Economics and Management
Politics and Public Management
Law
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy

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Moral Responsibility Attribution Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles and Its Resolution HU Mingyan， BAI Yinghui 2023, 25 (5):  1-7.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.001 Abstract ( 471 )   HTML ( 53)   PDF (907KB) ( 397 )   The moral responsibility attribution dilemma of autonomous vehicles mainly includes “responsibility gap” (namely， no appropriate moral agents)， “retribution gap” (namely， no appropriate responsibility undertakers) and problems of “many hands” and “many things”. The root of this dilemma lies in the evident autonomy and human-artifact combination manifested in autonomous vehicles， which has greatly challenged the traditional viewpoint of moral responsibility. To handle this dilemma， the traditional viewpoint of moral responsibility needs to be expanded. One feasible way to do so is to set up an organization such as “AV legal persons” to collectively undertake the responsibilities by human beings and artifacts together， focus on responsibility receptors and make responsibility foresight. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Narrative Identity and Free Will: Research on the Neuroscience Ethical Issues of Moral Enhancement TANG Guoyao， ZHOU Wenjie 2023, 25 (5):  8-13.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.002 Abstract ( 241 )   HTML ( 19)   PDF (884KB) ( 194 )   Moral enhancement technology of advanced neuroscience can directly improve the moral level of human beings， but it also causes people's thinking on ethical issues such as moral will， autonomy and identity. Facing the issue of whether moral enhancement technology interferes with free will， there is a debate between transhumanism and bioconservatism. The key to solving the problem is to clarify whether man maintains the continuity of identity and self before and after moral enhancement; that is， to demonstrate whether moral enhancement will affect people's free will. The interpretation and analysis of narrative identity theory shows that appropriate informed consent procedures can enable moral subjects to actively integrate into the passive changes in narrative identity， thus safeguarding people's free will. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Economics and Management

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Information Bending Effect of Asset Pricing: Based on the Empirical Evidence of Insiders' Holdings Reduction DING Zhiguo， LIU Xinmiao， ZHAO Jing 2023, 25 (5):  14-24.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.003 Abstract ( 217 )   HTML ( 14)   PDF (958KB) ( 142 )   Due to the differences in the types and amount of information owned， the investment logic among transaction entities is heterogeneous， leading to asset pricing deviation. Therefore， even insiders cannot always obtain excess returns in transactions. Based on the insiders' reduction data of listed companies in China from 2006 to 2020， the asset pricing deviation—information bending effect in insiders' transactions is studied. The internal information is subdivided into two types: decision-making information and business information， and on this basis， it is found that there is an information bending effect in the asset pricing process. That is， the internal business information may lead to negative asset pricing deviation， while the decision-making information has the effect of correcting pricing deviation. The information bending effect of asset pricing is significantly affected by environmental uncertainty， information transparency and institutional investors' shareholding ratio. Further research finds that external investors have a strong reaction to insiders' holdings reduction in the short turn， but in the long run， this kind of pricing deviation will be corrected from the inside out. The research conclusions examine the asset pricing mechanism from the perspective of internal information in theory， and enrich the research framework of asset pricing. In practice， the vision of insiders' reduction is explained from the scientific perspective of pricing deviation， which can provide important theoretical basis and data support for improving the information efficiency of the capital market. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of FTA on the Network Structure Holes of Cross-border M&A in the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry GAO Fei， YANG Xinyuan， YANG Yaru 2023, 25 (5):  25-35.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.004 Abstract ( 179 )   HTML ( 3)   PDF (2621KB) ( 153 )   Taking the countries participating in cross-border M&A of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry from 1999 to 2018 as the research samples， a network with countries as nodes and cross-border M&A relations as edges is constructed， and the influence of FTA on the network structure holes of cross-border M&A of high-tech industries is empirically tested by using the two-way fixed effect model. The results show that there is an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between the number of FTA signed by various countries and the number of structure holes in the cross-border M&A network. However， a country's economic development level can strengthen the “inverted U-shaped” relationship between FTA and structure holes. The study enriches the research of antecedent variables of structure holes， and has significant implications for countries to make rational use of FTA to improve the quality and quantity of information and knowledge resources in the practice of cross-border M&A of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry， and therefore improve the efficiency of cross-border M&A. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Managers' Excess Compensation and Enterprises' Dual Innovation WU Shan， SHAO Jianbing 2023, 25 (5):  36-48.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.005 Abstract ( 184 )   HTML ( 4)   PDF (995KB) ( 247 )   Taking Chinese A-share listed high-tech enterprises from 2011 to 2018 as the research object， the impact of managers' excess compensation on dual innovation is explored. It is found that excess compensation， as the embodiment of managers' power， has a significant negative impact on enterprises' exploratory innovation， but a significant positive impact on their exploitative innovation. When the degree of ownership concentration and equity balance increases， the inhibitory effect of excess compensation on exploratory innovation tends to be weakened， whereas the promoting effect on exploitative innovation is enhanced. Further research shows that managers' excess compensation will increase principal-agent costs， and when the financial flexibility is low， the stock price volatility is high and the degree of external marketization is high， the negative impact of excess compensation on exploratory innovation is weakened， and the positive impact on exploitative innovation is enhanced. Based on the perspective of managers' compensation， the factors that affect the development of enterprises' dual innovation are revealed， and the empirical evidence is provided for enterprises to reasonably formulate and supervise managers' compensation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Inverted U-shaped Relationship Between Young Teachers' Perceived Time Anxiety and Career Growth in Colleges and Universities: The Role of Thriving at Work and Growth Need Strength ZHANG Xin， ZHANG Jiandong 2023, 25 (5):  49-59.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.006 Abstract ( 219 )   HTML ( 5)   PDF (1222KB) ( 325 )   Based on the resources conservation theory and affect-as-information theory， a questionnaire survey was conducted on 634 young teachers in 20 colleges and universities from 11 provinces (municipalities)， and the impact mechanism and boundary conditions of perceived time anxiety on career growth was investigated from the dual-path perspective of gain and loss. The results showed that time anxiety has become a group symptom of young academic circles， which requires urgent attention. More than 80% of the respondents have the moderate or higher level of time anxiety， and there are significant differences in marital status， college level， job type and professional title. Perceived time anxiety has an inverted U-shaped effect on thriving at work， and through the instantaneous mediating effect of thriving at work， it indirectly has an inverted U-shaped impact on career growth. Meanwhile， young teachers' growth need strength can significantly adjust the curve relationship between perceived time anxiety and thriving at work， and relieve the too-much-of-a-good-thing effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Mechanism of Workplace Cheating and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Under Social Exchange Theory LUO Dongying， XU Shiyong 2023, 25 (5):  60-68.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.007 Abstract ( 216 )   HTML ( 10)   PDF (941KB) ( 296 )   Based on 685 valid leader-subordinate matching samples， this paper conducted an empirical study on how workplace cheating affects organizational citizenship behavior. The result shows that workplace cheating has a negative impact on organizational citizenship behavior. Perceived organizational support plays a mediating role in the mechanism of workplace cheating and organizational citizenship behavior. Task complexity moderates the effect of workplace cheating on perceived organizational support， and the indirect effect of workplace cheating on organizational citizenship behavior through perceived organizational support is stronger under high task complexity. Based on the social exchange theory， this study explores the impact of workplace cheating on organizations， expands corresponding theoretical researches， and provides a new perspective on how organizations respond to the negative effects of cheating. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Politics and Public Management

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Why Is the Local Governments' Rectification of Ecological and Environmental Problems Inefficient? Qualitative Analysis of Typical Cases Based on Centralized Notification of Central Environmental Protection Inspectors MENG Shifang， WEI Shuyan 2023, 25 (5):  68-78.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.008 Abstract ( 220 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (1018KB) ( 158 )   As a supervision and guarantee mechanism for the construction of the national ecological civilization system， the central environmental protection inspectors play a significant role in optimizing the local governments' ecological environment governance mechanism and enhancing the efficiency of ecological environment governance. Using NVivo 12.0 to conduct a qualitative analysis on 64 typical case texts of the central environmental protection inspectors' centralized notification， it aims to understand the common problems of the local governments' ecological environment governance， and to refine the key factors affecting the local governments' rectification of ecological and environmental problems. It is found that four types of factors， including concept cognition， policy quality， management process and government responsibility， are embedded in the whole process of the local governments' rectification of ecological and environmental problems， and deeply affect the effectiveness of local ecological environment governance. The “concept-policy-management-responsibility” influencing factor model is helpful to explain the internal mechanism of the local governments' rectification behavior deviation. Accordingly， the local governments should explore the effective paths for ecological environment governance by reshaping environmental protection concepts， promoting diversified mechanism construction， standardizing management processes， and improving systematic responsibility systems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Mechanism Construction of Land Transfer Income Supporting Rural Revitalization TANG Ying， WANG Yubo 2023, 25 (5):  79-89.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.009 Abstract ( 166 )   HTML ( 4)   PDF (2875KB) ( 110 )   The external and endogenous dynamic mechanism of land transfer income supporting rural revitalization is constructed， which has theoretical support and decision-making reference value for ensuring China's effective implementation of the Opinions on Adjusting and Improving the Use Scope of Land Transfer Income and Giving Priority to Supporting Rural Revitalization. The public attribute connotation of land transfer income is explained and the related fields of rural revitalization are explored. Moreover， the external sources of motivation are proposed， including balancing the administrative and financial powers of local governments and their performance evaluation， and encouraging and constraining local governments to use land transfer income to support rural revitalization， preferential policies， and investment environment to attract factors to gather in the rural areas. The sources of endogenous power include precisely investing in the ecological fields of rural revitalization production and life， increasing the indicators for rural land improvement projects to play a positive role in land finance as well as advantages in the rural resource industries， enhancing the value agglomeration factors of agricultural products， and recognizing and utilizing land transfer income to support rural revitalization. Therefore， the framework for the operation of external and internal driving forces of land transfer income to support rural revitalization is established. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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From “Indispensability” to “Omnipotence”: Platformization Risk and Its Governance Based on the Actor Network Theory ZHAO Zhonglu， LI Hongquan 2023, 25 (5):  90-98.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.010 Abstract ( 175 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (1583KB) ( 204 )   New risks require new governance. At present， with the increasingly close interweaving between digit and society， digital platforms， as the epitome of digital technology， have opened up the platformization， that is， digital platforms gradually establish the self-centered structure through technological integration and business expansion. In the process of platformization， digital platforms have gradually advanced from “indispensable” tools to “omnipotent” actors， which have mastered the unprecedented powerful energy and inevitably increased many risks. From the actor network theory， the essence of platformization is the process of constructing a heterogeneous network centered on digital platforms， and its risk source is that digital platforms obtain uncontrollable power through translation in the network. In view of the three dynamic and governance challenges of the current platformization， which are cross-departmental， vertical integration and infrastructure， it is necessary to implement multi-network governance to cope with the structural transformation brought by the platformization， and to avoid and reduce the risks brought by the platformization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Law

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What Is the Future of VIE Structure Supervision: A Reexamination in the Era of Negative Lists GUO Yuan 2023, 25 (5):  99-106.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.011 Abstract ( 250 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (913KB) ( 110 )   The ultimate reason for Chinese enterprises to set up the VIE structure is to achieve the purpose of overseas financing. For a long time， Chinese legislators have been hesitant about how to supervise the VIE structure which is in fact in violation of the domestic foreign investment restrictions. This has caused the legislation of clearing concepts under the VIE structure to fail repeatedly; therefore， the structure has been recognized as “ostensibly legitimate” in China. However， after China entered the era of negative lists， the domestic financing channels have been greatly expanded， the threat of foreign investment control has been increasing， and the foreign investment restrictions have been unprecedentedly eased. Given all these factors， it seems that instead of keeping silent on VIE structure supervision， the legislators should clarify the core concept of “control” of VIE structure supervision. When clarifying this concept， the legislators should avoid rigidly equating “control agreement” with “foreign investment” and should consider introducing such flexible concepts as “substantive control”， so as to reserve the discretionary power on the VIE structure issues. At the same time， in order to reduce the motivation of using the VIE structure， improving negative lists and domestic financing procedures will also be an important method for the legislators to solve the regulatory problems of the VIE structure. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Consenting to the Processing of Personal Information as Consideration for the Provision of Network Services SUN Hongliang 2023, 25 (5):  107-116.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.012 Abstract ( 177 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (942KB) ( 204 )   The doctrinal framework that distinguishes acts of burden from acts of disposal helps to define the legal attributes of the user's consent to the processing of his or her personal information in a contract for network services for which the user is not required to pay. At the interpretive level， consent to the processing of personal information constitutes consideration for network services， and the consideration of network service contracts is not embodied in the synallagmatic connection， but in the conditional or causal connection. At the functional level， consent to the processing of personal information as consideration involves determining whether the user's consent is given voluntarily， which in turn affects the validity of the consent. Consent given by the user in the case of “bundled authorization” is not valid， and the validity of consent in the case of fraud or misrepresentation has to be determined by means of contextual decisions based on the “see-saw theory”. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Conflict and Resolution Between Expectant Right and Mortgage in the Civil Code: An Empirical Analysis Based on 470 Verdicts LUO Yawen 2023, 25 (5):  117-126.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.013 Abstract ( 334 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (938KB) ( 482 )   In civil contract disputes， judicial judgment generally confirms the priority of housing consumers' expectant right， but there are differences in the recognition of the priority of real estate buyers' expectant right and mortgage. In addition to the judicial interpretation related to the direct application of the execution procedure， the reasons supporting the priority of the expectant right also include the theory of the right to subsistence， the theory of factual real rights， the theory of tort， the theory of ownership disputes， and etc. The reasons for the priority of mortgage include the principle of the priority of real rights over creditors' rights， the theory of unexplainable performance， the theory of inapplicability of the provisions of execution， and etc. The expectant right has spilled over from enforcement laws to civil substantive trials， and evolved from the priority of creditors' rights to the priority of real rights. However， the conclusion is difficult to be proved by various judicial ideas. The expectant right violates the rules of real right laws， impinges on the principle of demonstration of real rights and it is difficult to determine the right sequence， so it should be abandoned. Based on the particularity of the pre-sale commercial housing system， it is in line with the standard intention and the practice of judgment to give housing consumers special priority protection， and the application of the notice registration system will fill the vacancy of the substantive law of the protection of real estate buyers' rights and interests. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Formal Authenticity Examination of Electronic Data: Taking Digital Currency Crime Cases as the Research Object CUI Shiqun 2023, 25 (5):  127-137.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.014 Abstract ( 214 )   HTML ( 13)   PDF (952KB) ( 170 )   A digital currency crime with blockchain as the underlying technology has rapidly evolved into a serious disaster area of criminal crimes by virtue of its anonymity， decentralization， rapid circulation， cross-border and other characteristics. At the same time， the particularity， cross-border data and massive nature of blockchain technology have posed great difficulties for the existing review mechanism. There still exist some problems in our judicial practices such as low examination ratios， replacing the formal truth examination with the content truth examination， and focusing on the examination of extracting fixed links. The particularity of the evidence of digital currency crimes further leads to such problems as the difficulty in applying the rules for examining the formal authenticity of traditional electronic data to on-chain electronic data and the difficulty in comprehensively examining the formal authenticity of cross-border evidence and mass evidence. Therefore， it is necessary to improve the internal rule system and operational mechanism of evidence laws， as well as the complex and systematic external regulations in the fields of technology， economy and politics. By combining the internal regulations and external measures of laws， the contradiction between laws and technology can be alleviated at the macro level， and the rule system and operational mechanism for examining the authenticity of evidence can be improved at the micro level， thus achieving an effective examination of the formal authenticity of special evidence in new cases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Linguistics and Literature

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On the Theoretical Construction of Emotional Stylistics: A New Perspective of Cognitive Literary Studies HUANG He 2023, 25 (5):  138-143.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.015 Abstract ( 180 )   HTML ( 5)   PDF (891KB) ( 303 )   Emotional stylistics has demonstrated vigorous growth in recent years. However， its basic concepts have not been well defined. No systematic understanding and consensus have been reached concerning its research object， theoretical framework and relationship to the neighboring studies. In fact， emotional stylistics is derived from cognitive stylistics， representing the affective turn in cognitive literary studies. It draws extensively from theories in affective science to analyze characters' emotions and readers' emotions， functioning as a significant bridge to connect stylistics with literary criticism and cognitive science. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identity Reconstruction in the Context of Cultural Hybridity: Abdulrazak Gurnah's Writing from Memory WANG Ji 2023, 25 (5):  144-150.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.05.016 Abstract ( 262 )   HTML ( 8)   PDF (915KB) ( 310 )   Writing from memory threads through Tanzanian Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah's career as a writer. His early life in Zanzibar and diasporic experience in England haunts him and makes him suffer from trauma memories and identity crisis. Breaking through national， racial， and cultural boundaries， Gurnah blend in his works the memories at the personal， historical， and social levels. His fictions not only reveal the sophisticated cultural topography of eastern Africa which witnesses the cross-cutting of Swahili and Muslim cultures， but also challenge the stereotyped images of Africa forged by the colonialism discourse. References | Related Articles | Metrics