东北大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 462-469.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.004

• 经济与管理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

轨道交通运营的大气污染减排效应评估——一个准自然实验设计

郭施宏1,陈丽强2   

  1. (1.清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084;2.福州大学经济与管理学院,福建福州350116)
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-15 修回日期:2019-02-15 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 郭施宏
  • 作者简介:郭施宏(1991-),男,浙江玉环人,清华大学博士研究生,主要从事环境经济研究;陈丽强(1991-),女,福建三明人,福州大学博士研究生,主要从事生态环境管理研究。

An Assessment of Rail Transit Operation Effects on Air Pollution Reduction——A Quasi-experimentation

GUO Shi-hong1, CHEN Li-qiang2   

  1. (1. School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China)
  • Received:2019-02-15 Revised:2019-02-15 Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-09-25
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摘要: 基于断点回归的准实验设计,对北京市轨道交通开通的大气污染减排效应进行了实证分析,同时,通过带宽检验、断点处检验、控制变量检验等稳健性检验对结果进行了验证。回归结果表明:轨道交通的开通整体上促进了北京市的大气污染减排,轨道交通的开通降低了空气中的PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2浓度,但并没有降低O3浓度,各项检验均验证了这一结果的稳健性。此外,基于全国样本检验了这一效应的外部有效性以及轨道交通的替代效应。拓展检验的结果表明,轨道交通运营对大气污染的减排效应依然显著,而这一效应主要是轨道交通替代私人汽车、出租车及公共汽车实现的。

关键词: 轨道交通, 空气质量, 断点回归分析, 大气污染

Abstract: Based on the quasi-experimental design of regression discontinuity, an empirical analysis of the effects of the opening of Beijing Rail Transit on air pollution reduction is conducted. At the same time, the results are verified by robustness tests such as bandwidth check, discontinuity test, and control variable test. The regression result shows that the opening of rail transit has promoted air pollution reduction in Beijing as a whole and reduced the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO and NO2 with no reduction of O3 concentration. The results are highly robust across a variety of estimation tests. The external validity and substitution effect of rail transit are verified based on a national sample. The extended tests show that rail transit still has a significant effect on improving air quality, which is mainly realized by the replacement of private cars, taxis and buses.

Key words: rail transit, air quality, regression discontinuity analysis, air pollution

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