Abstract: The UK， USA and Japan are the representative models of state welfare style， self-supporting with social aid style and East Asian welfare style respectively. Under the principle of striking a balance between equity and efficiency， the three countries have developed their civil service pension systems from initial separate ones into multi-layer ones by merging with the other systems， which consist of public basic pension， occupational pension and complementary pension. Despite the differences in funding models， funding resources， contribution rates， payment-related criterias and replacement levels， they have all achieved a collaborative share of financial responsibility between the government and the individuals， thus relieving the pressure of fiscal sustainability and meeting the differentiated old-age supporting demands.

Key words: pension system reform, civil servant, international comparison