Abstract: Marx not only pays attention to the constant generation and development of the subject， but also devotes himself to the emancipation of the subject. The understanding of the subject shifts from epistemology to the theory of survival practice， and gives the subject a unique practical connotation of emancipating the mind. Marx sees the emancipation of the subject from the diachronic changes of his philosophical thoughts， experiencing the transformation from the self-conscious subject to the citizen social subject， the transformation from the class subject to the individual subject， the transformation from the capital subject to the class subject， and so on， highlighting the profound meaning of the subject's emancipation thought in Marxist philosophy. An in-depth explanation of Marx's subjective emancipation thought helps to understand Marxist philosophy of ultimate concern for man， and has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the development of individual subjects and national subjects in contemporary Chinese society.

Key words: Marx, emancipation of the subject, logical evolution, humanistic concern