Abstract: The Middle and Late Ming Dynasty witnessed a dramatic transformation of Chinas smallscale peasant economy， leading to the corresponding changes of such economic concepts as wealth， commercial morality and profiting with principle. Xu Guangqi， living in the very period of feudal rule， on the one hand advocated settling value disruption and anomic behaviors in the economic field by applying such orthodox Confucian moral ethics as righteousness and justice. On the other hand， he abandoned the former generations shame on utilitarian thoughts and started to attach importance to the national wealth and the peoples daily livelihood. As a result， his economic ethics were represented in the dual dimensions of both moralism and utilitarianism， which helped to achieve harmony and unity on the basis of his core concept of “pragmatism” and ideological trait of “flexible expediency”.

Key words: Xu Guangqi, economic ethics, moral ethics, utilitarian ethics, dual dimension