Abstract: In the writings of Marx and Engels permeate rich and profound ideas of fairness and justice， which theoretically originated from German classical philosophy， Adam Smiths economic ethics and Utopian socialists thoughts on fairness and justice. Mainly consisting of the political， social and institutional thoughts on fairness and justice， Marx and Engelss ideas of fairness and justice are characterized by social historic significance， social class belongingness and dependence on mode of production. It is believed that their ideas would have important enlightenment in strengthening the fairness and justice of political， social and institutional construction in China.

Key words: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, fairness, justice