东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 94-103.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240128

• 资源与土木工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

螺旋溜槽流场演变及不同粒度赤铁矿与石英分离指标预测

王乾, 高淑玲, 周孝洪, 刘春雨   

  1. 东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-03 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 高淑玲
  • 作者简介:王 乾(1994—),男,甘肃张掖人,东北大学博士研究生
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274257);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974065);中原关键金属实验室开放基金资助项目(GJJSKFYB202406);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(N2201008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(N2201004)

Flow Field Evolution in Spiral Concentrator and Separation Index Prediction of Hematite and Quartz with Different Particle Sizes

Qian WANG, Shu-ling GAO, Xiao-hong ZHOU, Chun-yu LIU   

  1. School of Resources & Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China.
  • Received:2024-06-03 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2026-02-09
  • Contact: Shu-ling GAO

摘要:

流体力学特性是决定重选分离效果的关键因素.采用数值模拟方法研究了ϕ400 mm螺旋溜槽内流体动力学参数沿纵向行程的演变特性.针对90 μm赤铁矿与38 μm石英和59 μm赤铁矿与38 μm石英两种给矿体系,分析了颗粒分布、迁移行为与分离效率的变化规律.结果表明:流膜形态、速度分布及二次环流强度在首圈行程变化显著,需2~3圈方能稳定,趋稳行程与径向位置呈正相关.赤铁矿和石英形成选择性分布,最大分离效率沿行程总体提升;90 μm赤铁矿分布靠内,第2.0圈基本达到迁移平衡,最大分离效率达82.16%;59 μm赤铁矿分布偏外且在第3.0圈仍未达迁移平衡,其第2.0,3.0圈最大分离效率较90 μm赤铁矿体系低约6%.粗粒赤铁矿运动行为与流膜及速度演变显著相关,而细粒赤铁矿运动具有随机性,需延长行程或调整结构参数以优化技术指标.

关键词: 螺旋溜槽, 流体动力学参数, 趋稳行程, 颗粒迁移, 最大分离效率

Abstract:

The hydrodynamic characteristics serve as fundamental factors in determining the gravity separation effect. Numerical simulations were used to systematically investigate the evolution of fluid dynamics parameters along the longitudinal travel in a ϕ400 mm spiral concentrator. For the two feeding systems comprising 90 μm hematite with 38 μm quartz and 59 μm hematite with 38 μm quartz,the variations in particle distribution, migration behavior, and separation efficiency were analyzed. The results indicate that the morphology of the flow film, the velocity distribution, and the intensity of the secondary circulation change significantly within the travel of the first turn, and it takes longitudinal travel of 2~3 turns to stabilize; the stabilization travel is positively correlated with the radial position. Hematite and quartz gradually develop a selective distribution, and the maximum separation efficiency improves overall with the travel. The distribution region of 90 μm hematite is more toward the inner edge, and its migration amount reaches the equilibrium in the 2nd turn; the maximum separation efficiency obtained is 82.16%. The distribution region of 59 μm hematite is more outward, and the migration equilibrium is not reached until the 3rd turn. The maximum separation efficiency obtained in the 2nd and 3rd turns is about 6% lower than that of the 90 μm hematite system. The motion behavior of coarse-grained hematite has an obvious correlation with the evolution of the flow film and velocity distribution. However, the motion of fine-grained hematite exhibits a certain degree of randomness. Consequently, it is necessary to extend the travel or adjust related structural parameters to acquire a satisfactory technical index.

Key words: spiral concentrator, fluid dynamics parameter, stabilization travel, migration of particle, maximum separation efficiency

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