东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 19-29.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20249020

• 信息与控制 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于改进YOLOv8的脱水蔬菜异物检测方法

胡博1, 熊华德2, 刘尧3, 张勇军1()   

  1. 1.北京科技大学 工程技术研究院,北京 102206
    2.北京科技大学 设计研究院有限公司,北京 102206
    3.中国科学院 理化技术研究所,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-10 出版日期:2025-11-15 发布日期:2026-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 张勇军
  • 作者简介:胡 博(1994—),男,湖北襄阳人,北京科技大学博士研究生

Foreign Object Detection Method for Dehydrated Vegetables Based on Improved YOLOv8

Bo HU1, Hua-de XIONG2, Yao LIU3, Yong-jun ZHANG1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Engineering Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 102206,China
    2.Design and Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 102206,China
    3.Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China.
  • Received:2024-04-10 Online:2025-11-15 Published:2026-02-07
  • Contact: Yong-jun ZHANG

摘要:

针对脱水蔬菜生产过程中人工质检工作量大、检测效率低、工人质检标准不一致等问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv8的异物检测方法YOLOv8n-BCS,以辅助工人提高质检效率并减轻劳动强度.YOLOv8n-BCS模型在主干网络中引入ShuffleNetV2和BoTNet(bottleneck transformer network),在颈部网络结构融入SimAM(simple attention module)注意力机制和轻量化上采样算子CARAFE(content-aware reassembly of features),同时采用SIoU(similarity intersection over union)函数计算回归损失.使用NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080服务器进行训练测试,实验结果表明:YOLOv8n-BCS模型精确率P为96.8%,召回率R为94.7%,调和平均值F1为95.7%,平均精度均值(mAP)为97.1%,帧率为231 f/s,模型体积为6.1 MB.相比对照模型,YOLOv8n-BCS模型容量减小,检测速度和平均精度均值提升,可为脱水蔬菜智能检测分拣系统优化提供技术参考.

关键词: 脱水蔬菜异物, YOLOv8, 目标检测, 图像识别, 轻量化

Abstract:

Problems such as heavy workload, low manual detection efficiency, and inconsistent quality inspection standards of workers during the production process of dehydrated vegetables exist. To address these issues, a foreign object detection method based on improved YOLOv8, namely YOLOv8n-BCS, was proposed. This method could assist workers in improving quality inspection efficiency and reducing labor intensity. The YOLOv8n-BCS model introduced ShuffleNetV2 and BoTNet (bottleneck transformer network) into the backbone network and incorporated the simple attention module (SimAM) attention mechanism and lightweight upsampling operator content-aware reassembly of features (CARAFE) into the neck structure. The similarity intersection over union (SIoU) function was also used to calculate regression loss. By using an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 server for training and testing, the experimental results show that the YOLOv8n-BCS model has an accuracy P of 96.8%, a recall R of 94.7%, a harmonic mean F1 of 95.7%, a mean average accuracy (mAP) of 97.1%, a frame rate of 231 f/s, and a model volume of 6.1 MB. Compared with the control model, the YOLOv8n-BCS model has reduced capacity, as well as improved detection speed and average accuracy, providing a technical reference for optimizing intelligent detection and sorting systems for dehydrated vegetables.

Key words: foreign object in dehydrated vegetables, YOLOv8, object detection, image recognition, lightweight

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