Abstract: With the atomized Cu-Ni-Sn-Pb alloy powder as matrix, and the additives W and nano-Al2O3 as strengthening phase, a new composite system was constituted taking molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) plus graphite of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 4wt.% as solid lubricant phase. Then, a new copper-based self-lubricating composite was prepared through powder metallurgy. The preparation process, structure and mechanical properties of its samples were studied by means of digital microstructure microscopy, XRD and micro Vickers. The results showed that: The optimized sintering process should be done at 880-900°C, for 3 hr, and the hardness and strength both decrease with increasing graphite content. Among the samples containing different graphite mass fractions, the copper-based self-lubricating composite containing 2wt.% graphite is regarded as better, of which the density is 6.41 g/cm³ and hardness 38 HV, and it has been proved basically available to meet the requirement for low-speed self-lubricating machines.