Abstract: As a new intelligent optimizing algorithm, the difference evolution algorithm was introduced into the recognition of mine workings' wall rock parameters. Based on the orthogonal design and homogeneous design, a numerical test of drift driving was carried out to develop a regression model to reflect the relation between mechanical parameters and monitored tiny displacement of wall rock, with the difference between computed and monitored displacements as fit value, thus introducing the difference evolution algorithm to recognize relevant parameters. Discussing the principle of difference evolution algorithm and parameter recognizing steps, the algorithm was used to analyze the entry roadway of Jinshandian Iron Mine and the results indicated that the algorithm has rapidly global convergence which provides a new way to recognize the parameters of mine workings with high adaptability and good prospect in applications.