Abstract: Defending the integrity of Marxism， Althusser reveals that the analytico-teleological theory dismembers the whole Marx by reducing the entirety to its elements and ruling its components with the secret tribunal of history and regards the history of the development of Marxism as a process of self-development. Opposing the analytico-teleological theory， Althusser establishes three scientific principles of reading Marxism， who holds that the development of Marxism should be regarded as a change of the problematic. However， Althusser holds that Young Marx is not scientific Marxism and should break away from the whole Marx， which puts him into the abyss of dismembering Marxism. No matter whether defense or dismemberment is made， it helps to further understand and grasp the integrity of Marxism.

Key words: Althusser, young Marx, integrity of Marxism