关键词: 政策工具, 工具设计, 工具过程, 工具拥护者, 工具创新

Abstract:

In the three schools of technical theory， design theory and process theory formed during the research of policy instruments， the technical school is too microscopic， diverging， and overlapping with other areas of research， and the design school tends to be abstract and complex， departing from the empirical analysis. Among the three schools， the process theory is the most balanced perspective， which combines facts and norms and has a high degree of fit with the policy process theory. The understanding of policy instrument formation， application and change constitutes the logical foundation for understanding the whole life cycle of policy instruments. Based on the recent developments of the policy instrument theory and the analysis of the theoretical advantages together with the logic basis of the policy instrument process， three main analytical frameworks of the process theory should be summed up in terms of policy instrument agenda， instrument-institution change and policy instrument innovation so as to provide references for the promotion of policy instrument research.

Key words: policy instrument, instrument design, instrument process, instrument constituencies, instrument innovation