Abstract: The May 4th Movement Period is regarded as one of the most important turning points in China's translation history. On the one hand， translators during the period inherited the ideology of saving China from being reduced to a colony by translation in the late Qing Dynasty. On the other hand， translators introduced abundant literatures from the West during the period to gain insight into humanitarianism and ideological inspirations， which influenced translators after the period to undertake social transformations. The whole historical continuum centering on the period reflected the emerging role of the subject in translation played by translators in China's social culture and literature translation， and contributed to the modern transmutation of the subjectivity of translators.

Key words: translation subject, subjectivity of translators, May 4th Movement Period, modern transmutation