Abstract: In the era of digital capitalism， the reflection on the new alienation generated in the application of digital technology and the technical criticism of digital capitalism have been launched one after another， and the two are accessible. On the one hand， Marxism discusses technology in the sense of “the relationship between workers and the products of their own labor”， and holds that technology alienation is the manifestation of the misplacement of human technology relationship. On the other hand， Marxism attributes technological alienation to the totality of a certain society， and understands that technological alienation is the accessory of capital relationship and the source of legitimacy of its existence. Today's “digital alienation” is the further continuation of “machine alienation” in the digital age. This logical relevance shows the persistence of Marxist technical criticism. Marxist technical criticism takes “social political” criticism as the background， and always emphasizes the use of realistic material forces to mask capitalism， pointing out the real way for us to frame the reasonable threshold of technology application.

Key words: digital capitalism; technology alienation; Marxism; technology criticism; political economics