东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 50-55.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240009
张瑞, 周金勾, 马广超, 狄跃忠
收稿日期:
2024-01-10
出版日期:
2025-06-15
发布日期:
2025-09-01
作者简介:
张 瑞(2000—),男,安徽池州人,东北大学硕士研究生基金资助:
Rui ZHANG, Jin-gou ZHOU, Guang-chao MA, Yue-zhong DI
Received:
2024-01-10
Online:
2025-06-15
Published:
2025-09-01
摘要:
以盐湖地区钾肥工业副产的水氯镁石为原料,采用电沉积法制备了镁铝水滑石材料,研究了不同电沉积参数对产物的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等方法,探究了不同条件下产物的结构和性质.结果表明:采用电沉积法可以制备出形貌规则的镁铝水滑石材料;高电流密度下产物会发生严重的团聚;在更低的电解液浓度条件下,水滑石层间距增大,有利于晶体的生长;过高的镁铝质量比不利于产物生成;同时发现镁铝水滑石的制备过程依托于极板附近的逐层脱落,极板附近的过饱和现象会影响产品的结晶度.
中图分类号:
张瑞, 周金勾, 马广超, 狄跃忠. 盐湖水氯镁石电沉积法制备镁铝水滑石[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 46(6): 50-55.
Rui ZHANG, Jin-gou ZHOU, Guang-chao MA, Yue-zhong DI. Preparation of Magnesium-Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxides by Electrodeposition of Salt Lake Bischofite[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(6): 50-55.
离子名称 | 质量分数 | 离子名称 | 质量分数 |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | 23.19 | Cl- | 75.13 |
Ca2+ | 0.21 | SO | 0.51 |
K+ | 0.27 | PO | ≤0.01 |
Na+ | 0.51 | BO | 0.01 |
Li+ | 0.06 | 其他 | ≤0.01 |
表1 青海盐湖的水氯镁石成分(质量分数) (lake (mass fraction) %)
Table 1 Composition of bischofite from Qinghai salt
离子名称 | 质量分数 | 离子名称 | 质量分数 |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | 23.19 | Cl- | 75.13 |
Ca2+ | 0.21 | SO | 0.51 |
K+ | 0.27 | PO | ≤0.01 |
Na+ | 0.51 | BO | 0.01 |
Li+ | 0.06 | 其他 | ≤0.01 |
晶面 | 参数 | 电流密度/(mA·cm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.086 93 | 11.052 02 | 11.065 01 | 11.136 14 | 10.992 35 |
d/nm | 0.797 4 | 0.799 9 | 0.799 0 | 0.793 9 | 0.804 2 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.852 12 | 1.899 41 | 1.743 82 | 1.685 17 | 1.789 38 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.240 37 | 61.178 03 | 61.185 67 | 61.326 67 | 61.062 35 |
d/nm | 0.151 2 | 0.151 4 | 0.151 4 | 0.151 0 | 0.151 6 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.362 47 | 2.173 74 | 2.032 36 | 2.250 27 | 2.181 61 |
表2 不同电流密度下产物LDHs的XRD分析结果
Table 2 XRD analysis results of product LDHs under different current densities
晶面 | 参数 | 电流密度/(mA·cm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.086 93 | 11.052 02 | 11.065 01 | 11.136 14 | 10.992 35 |
d/nm | 0.797 4 | 0.799 9 | 0.799 0 | 0.793 9 | 0.804 2 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.852 12 | 1.899 41 | 1.743 82 | 1.685 17 | 1.789 38 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.240 37 | 61.178 03 | 61.185 67 | 61.326 67 | 61.062 35 |
d/nm | 0.151 2 | 0.151 4 | 0.151 4 | 0.151 0 | 0.151 6 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.362 47 | 2.173 74 | 2.032 36 | 2.250 27 | 2.181 61 |
晶面 | 参数 | 电解液浓度/(mol·L-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.130 15 | 11.135 25 | 11.208 04 |
d/nm | 0.794 3 | 0.794 0 | 0.788 8 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.722 4 | 1.793 52 | 1.517 18 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.234 33 | 61.243 21 | 61.093 48 |
d/nm | 0.151 2 | 0.151 2 | 0.151 6 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.278 76 | 2.054 61 | 1.800 25 |
表3 不同电解液浓度下产物LDHs的XRD分析结果 (different electrolyte concentrations)
Table 3 XRD analysis results of product LDHs under
晶面 | 参数 | 电解液浓度/(mol·L-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.130 15 | 11.135 25 | 11.208 04 |
d/nm | 0.794 3 | 0.794 0 | 0.788 8 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.722 4 | 1.793 52 | 1.517 18 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.234 33 | 61.243 21 | 61.093 48 |
d/nm | 0.151 2 | 0.151 2 | 0.151 6 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.278 76 | 2.054 61 | 1.800 25 |
晶面 | 参数 | 镁铝质量比 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2∶1 | 3∶1 | 4∶1 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.202 74 | 11.100 65 | 11.039 73 |
d/nm | 0.789 2 | 0.796 4 | 0.800 8 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.549 79 | 1.775 94 | 1.791 69 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.040 84 | 60.969 30 | 60.927 71 |
d/nm | 0.151 7 | 0.151 8 | 0.151 9 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.212 44 | 2.556 96 | 2.779 04 |
表4 不同镁铝质量比产物LDHs的XRD分析结果 (different Mg-Al mass ratios)
Table 4 XRD analysis results of product LDHs with
晶面 | 参数 | 镁铝质量比 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2∶1 | 3∶1 | 4∶1 | ||
(003) | 2θ/(°) | 11.202 74 | 11.100 65 | 11.039 73 |
d/nm | 0.789 2 | 0.796 4 | 0.800 8 | |
FWHM/(°) | 1.549 79 | 1.775 94 | 1.791 69 | |
(110) | 2θ/(°) | 61.040 84 | 60.969 30 | 60.927 71 |
d/nm | 0.151 7 | 0.151 8 | 0.151 9 | |
FWHM/(°) | 2.212 44 | 2.556 96 | 2.779 04 |
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