东北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 50-55.DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240009

• 材料与冶金 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐湖水氯镁石电沉积法制备镁铝水滑石

张瑞, 周金勾, 马广超, 狄跃忠   

  1. 东北大学 冶金学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-10 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 作者简介:张 瑞(2000—),男,安徽池州人,东北大学硕士研究生
    狄跃忠(1983—),男,山西大同人,东北大学副教授,博士生导师.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(21878045)

Preparation of Magnesium-Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxides by Electrodeposition of Salt Lake Bischofite

Rui ZHANG, Jin-gou ZHOU, Guang-chao MA, Yue-zhong DI   

  1. School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China. Corresponding author: DI Yue-zhong,E-mail: diyz@smm. neu. edu. cn
  • Received:2024-01-10 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-09-01

摘要:

以盐湖地区钾肥工业副产的水氯镁石为原料,采用电沉积法制备了镁铝水滑石材料,研究了不同电沉积参数对产物的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等方法,探究了不同条件下产物的结构和性质.结果表明:采用电沉积法可以制备出形貌规则的镁铝水滑石材料;高电流密度下产物会发生严重的团聚;在更低的电解液浓度条件下,水滑石层间距增大,有利于晶体的生长;过高的镁铝质量比不利于产物生成;同时发现镁铝水滑石的制备过程依托于极板附近的逐层脱落,极板附近的过饱和现象会影响产品的结晶度.

关键词: 水氯镁石, 电沉积, 镁铝水滑石, 团聚, 沉淀

Abstract:

The preparation of magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) from industrial bischofite by-products in salt lake region was achieved via electrochemical deposition method, with systematic investigation of deposition parameters. The structural and properties of the products under different conditions were investigated utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and other analytical methods. The results show that MgAl-LDHs materials with regular morphology can be prepared by electrochemical deposition method. The product under the condition of large current density will undergo severe agglomeration. Under lower electrolyte concentration conditions, the interlayer spacing of products increases, which is beneficial for crystal growth. Excessive Mg and Al mass ratio is not conducive to product formation. The preparation process of products involved layer-by-layer detachment near electrode plates, where interfacial supersaturation influenced crystallinity.

Key words: bischofite, electrodeposition, magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs), agglomeration, precipitation

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