石灰-硫酸钠复合激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系水化特征

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20230270

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决碱激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系中使用氢氧化钠等强碱激发剂导致的凝结时间快、安全性差等问题，将石灰与硫酸钠以物质的量之比1∶1组成复合激发剂对矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系进行激发，分析激发剂掺量、粉煤灰掺量对该体系性能的影响，并采用XRD等检测手段探究胶凝体系的水化产物以及水化过程.研究结果表明：石灰-硫酸钠组成的复合激发剂可替代氢氧化钠对矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系进行激发，该体系的流动性能和凝结时间可控，胶凝体系中复合激发剂最佳掺量为10%，当粉煤灰掺量在50%以内时，胶凝体系28 d抗压强度均在36 MPa以上；石灰-硫酸钠复合激发剂能有效破坏粉煤灰外壳，促使粉煤灰参与水化反应，提高胶凝体系的后期抗压强度；C-(A)-S-H凝胶、钙矾石胶结不同反应程度和粒径的矿渣、粉煤灰形成致密的基体结构，为胶凝体系提供主要抗压强度.本研究可为新型低碳胶凝材料的制备提供参考.

关键词: 石灰-硫酸钠, 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系, 抗压强度, 水化特征

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of quick setting time and poor safety when using strong alkali activator such as sodium hydroxide in alkali-activated slag-fly ash cementitious system， a compound activator with the amount of substance ratio of lime to sodium sulfate of 1∶1 was used to activate the slag-fly ash cementitious system. The effects of activator dosage and fly ash content on the properties of lime-sodium sulfate compound-activated slag-fly ash cementitious system were analyzed. The hydration products and hydration process of the cementitious system were explored by XRD and other detection methods. The results show that the composite activator composed of lime and sodium sulfate can replace sodium hydroxide to activate the cementitious system of slag-fly ash， and the fluidity and setting time of the cementitious system can be controlled. The optimal dosage of the composite activator in the cementitious system is 10%， and when the fly ash content is less than 50%， the 28 d compressive strength of the cementitious system is above 36MPa. Lime-sodium sulfate compound activator can effectively destroy the shell of fly ash， promote fly ash to participate in the hydration reaction of cementitious system， and enhance the later compressive strength of cementitious system. C-（A）-S-H gel and ettringite cement slag and fly ash with different reaction degrees and particle sizes to form a compact matrix structure， which provides the main compressive strength for the cementitious system. This study provides a reference for the preparation of noval low-carbon cementitious materials.

Key words: lime-sodium sulfate, slag-fly ash cementitious system, compressive strength, hydration characteristics

中图分类号:

TU 526

王营, 顾晓薇, 胥孝川, 王青. 石灰-硫酸钠复合激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系水化特征[J]. 东北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 46(4): 87-96.

Ying WANG, Xiao-wei GU, Xiao-chuan XU, Qing WANG. Hydration Characteristics of Slag-Fly Ash Cementitious System Activated by Lime-Sodium Sulfate Composite[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(4): 87-96.

图/表 16

表1 原材料化学组成成分（质量分数） ((mass fraction) %)

Table 1 Chemical composition of raw materials

原材料	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	CaO
粉煤灰	54.94	34.86	5.52	0.81	0.63
矿渣	34.50	17.70	0.03	7.01	34.00

图1 原材料粒径分布

Fig.1 Particle size distribution of raw materials

图2 原材料物相组成（a）—矿渣；（b）—粉煤灰.

Fig.2 Phase composition of raw materials

表 2 石灰-硫酸钠复合激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系试验配比 (g)

Table 2 Test proportions of slag-fly ash cementitious system activated by lime-sodium sulfate composite

序号	石灰	硫酸钠	粉煤灰	矿渣	水
T0	12.4	23.6	36	324	144
T1	12.4	23.6	72	288	144
T2	12.4	23.6	108	252	144
T3	12.4	23.6	144	216	144
T4	12.4	23.6	180	180	144
T5	6.2	11.8	108	252	144
T6	18.5	35.5	108	252	144
T7	24.7	47.3	108	252	144

图3 石灰-硫酸钠复合激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系试验流程

Fig.3 Experimental process of slag-fly ash cementitious system activated by lime-sodium sulfate composite

图4 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系抗压强度随激发剂掺量变化

Fig.4 Compressive strength of slag-fly ash cementitious system with varying content of activator

图5 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系抗压强度随粉煤灰掺量变化

Fig.5 Compressive strength of slag-fly ash cementitious system with varying fly ash content

图6 胶凝体系流动性能（a）—粉煤灰掺量；（b）—激发剂掺量.

Fig. 6 Flowability of cementitious system

图7 胶凝体系凝结时间（a）—粉煤灰掺量；（b）—激发剂掺量.

Fig.7 Setting time of cementitious system

图8 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系水化产物1—钙矾石； 2—莫来石； 3—方解石； 4—C-（A）-S-H凝胶.

Fig.8 Hydration products of slag-fly ashcementitious system（a）—3 d；（b）—28 d.

图9 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系化学结构（a）—3 d；（b）—28 d.

Fig. 9 Chemical structure of slag-fly ash cementitious system

图10 不同粉煤灰掺量下矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系微观形貌（a）—粉煤灰掺量10%；（b）—粉煤灰掺量30%；（c）—粉煤灰掺量50%.

Fig.10 Micro-morphology of slag-fly ash cementitious system under different fly ash contents

图11 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系中的氢氧化钙与钙矾石

Fig.11 Calcium hydroxide and ettringite in slag-fly ash cementitious system

图12 胶凝体系中C-(A)-S-H凝胶的EDS

Fig.12 EDS of C-(A)-S-H gel in gelling system

图13 矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系中的粉煤灰（a）—原料；（b）—石灰-硫酸钠激发后.

Fig.13 Fly ash in slag-fly ash cementitious system

图14 石灰-硫酸钠复合激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝体系水化机理

Fig.14 Hydration mechanism of slag-fly ash cementitious system activated by lime-sodium sulfate composite

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