Abstract: A 3-dimmension heat transfer and stress model of carbon anodes during baking was established. The temperature raising process and heat stress variety in carbon anodes were simulated with the measured temperature curves as boundary condition. The results showed that the heat stress and temperature gradient in carbon anode synchronously change, and the most temperature gradient and the most heat stress have convex parabolic relation with baking time (first increased and then decreased). The temperature difference between center and surface and the temperature gradient in width direction and the heat stress raise maximum in modest reheating phase. The heat transfer flux in width direction is far more than 10 times that in length direction and highness direction.