Performance Enhancement of PVDF Nanofiber Membrane on Industrial Dust Removal Filter Materials

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2024.03.015

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the filtration efficiency by using the fine diameter and hot piezoelectric properties of PVDF fiber membrane， the PVDF fiber membrane was prepared using electrospinning. SEM and XRD were employed to characterize the morphology and β crystal phase transformation of PVDF fiber membrane. The PVDF fiber membrane was attached to PPS filter material to prepare PPS/PVDF composite filter material， and its filtration efficiency and differential pressure characteristics were evaluated. The results show that the PVDF fiber membrane has no beaded structure， the fiber diameter distribution ranges from 270 to 780 nm， with a median value of 427.3 nm， and the crystal structure is mainly β crystal phase. With the increase of wind speed， the filtration efficiency of PPS/PVDF fiber membrane composite filter material exhibited a lesser decrease， which proves that the piezoelectric effect of PVDF fiber membrane improves the filtration efficiency of fine particles. As the temperature increases， the PVDF fiber membrane exhibits thermoelectricity， and the filtration efficiency of the composite filter material increases. When the temperature rises to 70 ℃， the filtration efficiency of the particles with a small size 0.3 μm can be maximally increased by 28.37%.

Key words: filtration efficiency, differential pressure characteristics, PVDF（polyvinylidene fluoride）, piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity

CLC Number:

X 964

Jing-xian LIU, Yue DU. Performance Enhancement of PVDF Nanofiber Membrane on Industrial Dust Removal Filter Materials[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2024, 45(3): 422-429.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Piezoelectric test device

Fig.2 Piezoelectric voltage of PVDF electrospinning fiber membrane varies with the degree of pressure

Fig.3 Filter material performance test device

Table 1 Fiber diameters of PVDF with different mass fractions

PVDF质量分数/%	直径/nm	平均直径/nm
8	70~250	166.81±44.82
10	130~450	259.72±74.96
12	210~620	419.43±103.04
14	—	—

Fig.4 Fiber morphology of PVDF with different mass fractions

Table 2 Fiber diameters of different spinning voltages

纺丝电压/kV	直径分布/nm	平均直径/nm
12	210~900	548.92±192.32
14	200~800	540.32±152.52
16	240~1100	502.85±180.62
18	200~1350	489.66±180.10

Fig.5 Fiber morphology of different spinning voltages

Table 3 Fiber diameters of different reception distances

接收距离/cm	直径分布/nm	平均直径/nm
5	540~2800	1 212.96±493.44
10	380~2000	781.83±390.57
15	270~780	481.65±129.35
20	191~850	517.22±172.98

Fig.6 Fiber morphology of different reception distances

Fig.7 Fiber morphology of PVDF fiber membranes

Fig.8 XRD pattern of 3 kinds of materials

Fig.9 PPS filtration efficiency under different wind speeds

Fig.10 Filtration efficiency of PPS/PVDF fiber membrane under different wind speeds

Table 4 Filter material resistance under different wind speeds

风速/（m·min^-1）	阻力/Pa
风速/（m·min^-1）	PPS	PPS/PVDF纤维膜
1	22	28
2	44	57
3	75	92

Fig.11 Fitted curve of wind pressure and voltage

Fig.12 Filtration efficiency of PPS/PVDF fiber membrane at different temperatures

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