Morphology and Elemental Composition of PM2.5 Single Particle from Road Mobile Sources

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240158

Abstract

Abstract:

Exhaust emissions from motor vehicles and dust stirred up while driving are important components of aerosols， which have a significant impact on the environment and human health. To examine the physicochemical properties of particulate matter associated with motor vehicles， single particle samples of aerosols were collected from a main road with heavy traffic flow （point Ⅰ） and a campus road a certain distance away from the main road （point Ⅱ） in Qinhuangdao City. The morphology and elemental composition of the particles were analyzed by a scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （SEM-EDX）. The results show that the particle number fraction of dust particles at point Ⅰ is 47.1%， much higher than that at point Ⅱ （27.1%）， which mainly comes from motor vehicles’ exhaust. The statistics show that the particle number fraction of spherical fly ash particles in the non-carbonaceous particles at point Ⅰ is 8.0%， which is higher than 2.5% at point Ⅱ， which may come from motor vehicles’ exhaust. Among all the irregular mineral particles， Si-rich particles at both points account for the largest particle number fraction （51.8% at point Ⅰ； 62.1% at point Ⅱ）， possibly indicating a source from surface dust. However， the particle number fraction of Fe-dominant particles at point Ⅰ （13.4%） is significantly higher than that at point Ⅱ （6.3%）. Fe-dominant particles produced by the wear of motor vehicles’ brakes may be an important source of Fe in the atmosphere.

Key words: motor vehicle, single particle, dust, fly ash, Fe-dominant particle

CLC Number:

X 513

Xiu-yan ZHOU, Hui ZHOU, Yu-tao GAO, Wen-hua WANG. Morphology and Elemental Composition of PM_2.5 Single Particle from Road Mobile Sources[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(12): 132-140.

Figures/Tables 6

References 32

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采样点	样品编号	采样日期	采样时间	温度/℃	相对湿度/%	PM_2.5/(μg·m^-3)	气压/kPa
点位Ⅰ	A1	2023-10-09	16：30—19：30	16	73	24	101.8
	A2	2023-10-10	16：07—19：07	17	67	28	102.1
	A3	2023-10-11	16：30—19：30	18	68	46	102.1
点位Ⅱ	B1	2023-10-02	15：22—18：22	20	51	27	101.2
	B2	2023-10-03	15：07—19：07	22	56	24	101.0
	B3	2023-10-04	12：38—15：38	20	56	19	101.4
	B4	2023-10-05	12：00—15：55	17	34	8	101.9

采样点	样品编号	采样日期	采样时间	温度/℃	相对湿度/%	PM_2.5/(μg·m^-3)	气压/kPa
点位Ⅰ	A1	2023-10-09	16：30—19：30	16	73	24	101.8
	A2	2023-10-10	16：07—19：07	17	67	28	102.1
	A3	2023-10-11	16：30—19：30	18	68	46	102.1
点位Ⅱ	B1	2023-10-02	15：22—18：22	20	51	27	101.2
	B2	2023-10-03	15：07—19：07	22	56	24	101.0
	B3	2023-10-04	12：38—15：38	20	56	19	101.4
	B4	2023-10-05	12：00—15：55	17	34	8	101.9

采样点	样品编号	单颗粒数量	粒子数分数/%
采样点	样品编号	单颗粒数量	烟尘颗粒	有机颗粒	非碳质颗粒
点位Ⅰ	A1	258	55.4	12.0	32.6
	A2	260	47.3	15.8	37.0
	A3	223	38.6	18.8	42.6
点位Ⅱ	B1	101	20.8	17.8	61.4
	B2	163	28.2	18.4	53.4
	B3	164	28.7	17.1	54.3
	B4	230	30.9	14.8	54.3

采样点	样品编号	单颗粒数量	粒子数分数/%
采样点	样品编号	单颗粒数量	烟尘颗粒	有机颗粒	非碳质颗粒
点位Ⅰ	A1	258	55.4	12.0	32.6
	A2	260	47.3	15.8	37.0
	A3	223	38.6	18.8	42.6
点位Ⅱ	B1	101	20.8	17.8	61.4
	B2	163	28.2	18.4	53.4
	B3	164	28.7	17.1	54.3
	B4	230	30.9	14.8	54.3

颗粒类型		（质量分数平均值±标准差）/%		颗粒数		粒子数分数/%
颗粒类型		点位Ⅰ	点位Ⅱ	点位Ⅰ	点位Ⅱ	点位Ⅰ	点位Ⅱ
富Si	Si质	Si(84.3±10.5)	Si(90±7)	12	24	4.7	6.9
	Si+Al	Si(45.4±8.6), Al(25.8±6.9)	Si(41.9±7.7), Al(27.1±6.6)	71	128	28.1	36.7
	Si+Na	Si(37.9±10), Na(23.5±4.2)	Si(41.2±9.5), Na(24.8±4.6)	23	35	9.1	10.0
	Si+Ca	Si(31.5±7.5), Ca(20.9±3.7)	Si(34.7±6.2), Ca(23±5)	12	13	4.7	3.7
	Si+Mg	Si(33.7±4.7), Mg(23±3.9)	Si(35.8±10.7), Mg(26.2±9)	6	12	2.4	3.4
	Si+Fe	Si(36.3±14), Fe(18.7±4.6)	Si(35.3±7.8), Fe(29.9±4.5)	6	5	2.4	1.4
	Si+S	Si(24.4), S(17.9)	—	1	—	0.4	—
富Ca	Ca质	Ca(86.8±9.9)	Ca(82.3±9.4)	13	19	5.1	5.4
	Ca+Si	Ca(43.5±10), Si(23±5.3)	Ca(42.5±11.4), Si(23±5.7)	14	24	5.5	6.9
	Ca+Mg	Ca(36.4±10.8), Mg(33.5±10.7)	Ca(43.6±8.1), Mg(37.2±7.7)	10	5	4.0	1.4
	Ca+S	Ca(42.2±4.1), S(29.6±5.2)	Ca(53.4±7.6), S(37.6±4.6)	6	5	2.4	1.4
	Ca+其他	—	—	4	6	1.6	1.7