Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Fe‐Al Alloy at Different Scanning Speeds

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2024.02.003

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of engineering high‐strength steel and reduce the cost of materials used， a fiber laser was used to prepare Fe‐Al alloy cladding layer on the surface of Q960E high‐strength steel by coaxial powder feeding process and to study the effect of different scanning speeds on microstructure and corrosion resistance. The results show that the grain morphology， element distribution， and content of the cladding layer are affected by the scanning speed. The material phase is mainly composed of the Fe₃Al phase with DO₃ structure and the FeAl phase with B₂ structure in the eutectic form. The hardness of the cladding layer increases gradually with the scanning speed due to grain refinement. The self corrosion potential of the cladding layer at the three scanning speeds rises first and then decreases with the increase of scanning speed， and the self corrosion current density decreases first and then increases. With the increase of scanning speed， the pitting pits on the surface of the cladding layer after polarization first change from deep to shallow， and then the area of pitting pits expands.

Key words: laser cladding, Fe?Al alloy, scanning speed, microstructure, electrochemical properties

CLC Number:

TG 174

Wen-bo YAO, Chen LIU, Shuo SHANG, Chang-sheng LIU. Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Fe‐Al Alloy at Different Scanning Speeds[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2024, 45(2): 170-178.

Figures/Tables 19

Table 1 Chemical composition of Q960E high‐strength steel（mass fraction）

C	Si	Mn	Cr	Mo	P	S	Al	B	Fe
0.20	0.50	2.0	1.0	1.0	0.015	0.005	0.015	0.005	余量

Fig.1 Metal powders used for laser cladding

Table 2 Chemical composition of 6061 aluminum alloy powder（mass fraction）

Cu	Fe	Mg	Mn	Si	Ti	Zn	Cr	Al
0.25	0.7	0.9	0.15	0.6	0.15	0.25	0.35	余量

Table 3 Chemical composition of pure iron powder （mass fraction）

C	P	S	Si	Mn	Fe
0.012	0.0015	0.011	0.005	0.001	余量

Fig.2 Macroscopic morphology and flawed morphology of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different laser scanning speeds

Fig.3 Surface optical morphology and cross-sectional metallographic microstructure of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Fig.4 SEM images of the cross section of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Fig.5 EDS plots of the cross section of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Table 4 Point scan of cross section from surface to substrate of Fe Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds（atom fraction）

元素	a₁	a₂	a₃	b₁	b₂	b₃	c₁	c₂	c₃
Al	14.64	10.48	11.16	14.84	11.70	13.34	13.20	9.20	8.08
Fe	85.36	89.52	88.84	85.16	88.30	86.66	86.80	90.80	91.92

Fig.6 XRD patterns of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Fig.7 EDS surface scan of the Fe-Al intermetallic cladding layer

Fig.8 Hardness of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer from surface to substrate direction prepared at different scanning speeds

Fig.9 Grain size distribution of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Fig.10 Polarization curves of the cladding layer at different scanning speeds

Table 5 Corrosion potential and corrosion current of the molten cladding layer at different scanning speeds

扫描速度/（mm·s^-1）	自腐蚀电位/V	自腐蚀电流密度
扫描速度/（mm·s^-1）	自腐蚀电位/V	A·cm^-2
50	-0.937	2.158×10^-6
75	-0.887	1.119×10^-6
100	-0.939	2.104×10^-6

Fig.11 EIS results of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

Table 6 EIS fitting results at different scanning speeds

扫描速度/（mm·s^-1）	R_s/（Ω·cm²）	C_CPE1/（μF·cm^-2）	n₁	C_CPE2/（μF·cm^-2）	n₂	R_c/（Ω·cm²）	R_ct/（Ω·cm²）
50	6.271	3.527 2×10^-4	0.814 94	48.939×10^-4	0.813 93	1 556	383.9
75	4.586	6.551 6×10^-4	0.765 18	10.511×10^-4	0.500 51	876	1 022
100	5.629	3.797 9×10^-4	0.812 86	15.81×10^-4	0.597 15	1 009	600.1

Fig.12 Equivalent circuit used for EIS fitting

Fig.13 Surface morphology after polarization of Fe-Al alloy cladding layer prepared at different scanning speeds

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