东北大学学报（社会科学版）

东北大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 100-107.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2024.01.011

• 法学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

“调解不成无损于现状”机制的功能与法理基础

宋连斌1，武振国1，周健2   

  1. (1.中国政法大学国际法学院，北京100088;2.最高人民法院第二巡回法庭，辽宁沈阳110179)
  • 发布日期:2024-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 宋连斌
  • 作者简介:宋连斌(1966 -)，男，湖北蕲春人，中国政法大学教授，博士生导师，主要从事国际私法和仲裁法研究;武振国(1995-)，男，河南南召人，中国政法大学博士研究生，主要从事国际私法和仲裁法研究。
  • 基金资助:
    司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研资助项目(22SFB5015)。

The Functional and Jurisprudential Foundations of the Mechanism on the “Without Prejudice in Failed Mediations”

SONG Lianbin1， WU Zhenguo1， ZHOU Jian2   

  1. (1. School of International Law， China University of Political Science and Law， Beijing 100088， China; 2. The Second Circuit Court， The Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China， Shenyang 110179， China)
  • Published:2024-01-30
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摘要： 为促进诚信调解，“调解不成无损于现状”机制要求如果调解不成，当事人不得单方公开调解交流以改变调解前原有的权利状态。“调解不成无损于现状”机制的功能，在于促进调解程序的顺利进行、维持调解员的中立地位、保证调解程序和后续争议解决程序的独立性和完整性，但如何保证其实施，则存在多种选择路径。若借助于保密合同，则合同之外的主体难受约束;若借助于排除规则，则与仲裁规则的合同性质相悖;若借助于无损于现状特免权，特免权之外的自然人和法人都将成为特免权的义务主体。因此，以无损于现状特免权为基础，根据调解交流是否与促成调解这一目标有关，可以在提供主体、产生时间和信息类型三个方面有效构建调解交流的保护机制。

关键词: 调解保密; 公平审理; 无损于现状特免权

Abstract: To promote good faith in mediation， if the mediation fails， the mechanism on the “without prejudice in failed mediations” requires that neither party shall unilaterally disclose mediation communications to change the original state of rights prior to the mediation. The functions of this mechanism aims to facilitate the mediation process， maintain the mediator's neutrality， and ensure the independence and integrity of the mediation and any subsequent dispute resolution procedures. However， approaches for ensuring its implementation vary. If the confidentiality contracts approach applies， the third party outside the contracts will not be bound. If the exclusionary rules approach applies， it will contradict the contractual nature of arbitration rules. If the without prejudice privilege approach applies， it can bind all natural and legal persons. Thus， on the basis of the without prejudice privilege， combined with the relations between mediation communications and the objective of facilitating mediation， the mechanism on the “without prejudice in failed mediations” can be effectively constructed in terms of providing parties， timing， and information type.

Key words: mediation confidentiality; fair treatment; without prejudice privilege

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