东北大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 127-134.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2025.01.014

• 法学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

刑法同类解释规则的缺陷与优化

汪 润   

  1. (北京大学 法学院, 北京 100871)
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-05 修回日期:2023-12-05 接受日期:2023-12-05 发布日期:2025-02-10
  • 通讯作者: -
  • 作者简介:汪 润,北京大学博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金(22FZXB071); 山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究项目(2022J002)。

The Defects and Optimization of the Ejusdem Generis Rule of Criminal Law

WANG Run   

  1. (School of Law, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)
  • Received:2023-12-05 Revised:2023-12-05 Accepted:2023-12-05 Published:2025-02-10
  • Contact: -
  • About author:-
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摘要: 我国《刑法》中存在大量堵截条款,同类解释规则是解释堵截条款的通行规则。但我国《刑法》为同类解释规则提供的文本条件并不理想。形式的同类解释规则局限于条文内部体系,实质的同类解释规则挪用了目的解释成果。应当摒弃同类解释规则,以具体法条的保护目的为中心解释堵截条款。具体法条的保护目的包括法益和特定行为类型两个面向。对“事项单一型”堵截条款,要通过向后解释罪状核心词寻找保护目的,对“事项多元型”堵截条款,应通过向前解释列举事项、提取含义交集寻找保护目的。只有符合具体法条保护目的的行为,才能被解释进堵截条款。

关键词: 堵截条款; 同类解释规则; 规范保护目的

Abstract: Miscellaneous provisions are frequently used in Chinese Criminal Law, and the ejusdem generis rule is the common rule for interpreting miscellaneous provisions. However, the text conditions provided by Chinese Criminal Law for the ejusdem generis rule are not ideal. The formal ejusdem generis rule is trapped in the internal system of the articles, while the substantive ejusdem generis rule misappropriates the accomplishment of the teleological interpretation. We should abandon the ejusdem generis rule that fails to justify and interpret miscellaneous provisions, focusing on the protection purpose of specific legal provisions. The protection purpose of specific legal provisions includes two aspects: legal interests and specific types of behavior. For the “single item” miscellaneous provisions, the protection purpose should be sought by interpreting the core words of the crime backwards. For the “multiple item” miscellaneous provisions, the protection purpose should be sought by interpreting and extracting the intersection of meanings of the listed items forward. Only behaviors that meet the protection purpose of specific legal provisions can be regulated by miscellaneous provisions.

Key words: miscellaneous provision; the ejusdem generis rule; normative protection purpose

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