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25 January 2020, Volume 22 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy
Economics and Management
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy

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Re-understanding Empirical Turn——A Perspective of Heidegger's Philosophy of Technology YAO Yu 2020, 22 (1):  1-6.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.001 Abstract ( 623 )   HTML   PDF (893KB) ( 742 )   Kroes and Meijers， the Dutch philosophers of technology， first proposed empirical turn (EP) as a research program of philosophy of technology. Achterhuis and Brey extended EP to a history of philosophy of technology， and constructed a development thread from classical philosophy of technology to two EPs. While originating from the criticism of the so-called classical philosophy of technology， EP is in fact mainly aiming at the tradition of philosophy-phenomenology criticism from Martin Heidegger's philosophy of technology. Therefore， EP can be understood as a post-Heidegger philosophy of technology. From the perspective of Heidegger's philosophy of technology， EP is just the disclosure of modern technology to philosophy of technology itself. It is Vollendung and Geschick of philosophy of technology. Faced with this kind of Geschick， an open-minded attitude should be taken towards philosophy of technology and other traditions of philosophy of technology should be revived so as to leave room for new possibilities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ethical Reflections， Governance and Implications Under the Background of Big Data Price Discrimination LI Fei-xiang 2020, 22 (1):  7-15.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.002 Abstract ( 1152 )   HTML   PDF (940KB) ( 3020 )   Big data technology improves social operation's efficiency and enriches people’s daily life， but it also brings the problem of price discrimination in the process of development. It not only infringes the legitimate rights and interests of users， but also affects people's trust in this advanced technology， which maybe due to the imperfection of technology development， the excessive pursuit of capitals， the absence of ethical norms and principles， the complexity and inadequacy of supervision and the users' negligence as well as difficulty of protecting their own legitimate rights. Therefore， such perspectives of data itself， Internet platforms and users can be taken to reexamine the hidden ethical reflections of big data technology， mainly involving several key points-the ownership and distribution of data， the ethical rules that algorithms should follow， the reasonable definition of subjects of responsibility， the maintenance of the trust mechanism of relevant platforms， and the awakening of users' awareness of “data rights”. Only by doing so can big data technology be better understood and applied， and the whole society is likely to make continuous progress towards the concept of “Tech for Social Good” in the application and restriction of data. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Individuality and Canguilhem's Biophilosophy Insights WANG Ping 2020, 22 (1):  16-21.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.003 Abstract ( 445 )   HTML   PDF (894KB) ( 722 )   Based on the basic consensus and outstanding progress of today's biological individuality research， the pluralist perspective has shown the necessary theoretical advantages in contextualized， text-dependent， and interdisciplinary fields. However， in the face of new challenges brought by symbiosis and immunity studies， more fundamental issues call for new dimensions of understanding. Following Canguilhem's biophilosophy and his understanding of individuality， with relation to such issues as the values， entity standards and normativity of biological individuals and the concepts of life， his reintroducing meaning into the valued relationship between individuals and Umwelt， emphasizing the ontology of individuals in the holism and relations， and reshaping the understanding of ancient kinships between life and knowledge may provide profound insights into the understanding of individuality. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Economics and Management

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Should China Liberalize the Rotary Trading System from the Perspective of Stock Price Idiosyncratic Volatility?——Evidence from a Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the A/B Shares and Sub-industries LI Zhu-wei， FU Yuan， YAN Sheng-nan 2020, 22 (1):  22-30.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.004 Abstract ( 392 )   HTML   PDF (944KB) ( 628 )   The two-stage daily data of China's A/B stocks and sub-industries are selected as sample data of the quasi-natural experiments. The Fama-French 5-factor model and DMYZ model are used to measure the stock price idiosyncratic volatility and construct the difference-in-difference models. The effect of the change of rotary trading system on stock price idiosyncratic volatility is studied to explore whether China should fully liberalize the rotary trading system. The results show that in general， the stock price idiosyncratic volatility of A shares is obviously less than that of B shares under T+0， but they are similar under T+1; T+0 raises the stock price idiosyncratic volatility， while T+1 reduces the idiosyncratic volatility. Through further examination of the sub-industries， it is found that except for the transportation， information， and leasing industries， which are not sensitive， the rest of the industries have the same reaction to the different rotary trading systems. Therefore， from the perspective of market stability， it is not recommended that China completely liberalize the rotary trading system at this stage. Instead， Blue Chips of A shares can be used as a pilot， and after the stock market is further matured and stable， it can be considered to gradually liberalize the rotary trade and bring it into line with the international system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and Application of the High-quality Development Index——Also on the High-quality Development of Northeast China's Economy LIU Rui， GUO Tao 2020, 22 (1):  31-39.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.005 Abstract ( 533 )   HTML   PDF (1241KB) ( 1005 )   On the basis of deeply grasping and understanding the connotation of high-quality economic development， depending on the five development concepts of ‘innovation’‘coordination’‘green’‘open’‘sharing’，the high-quality development index is constructed and applied to the study of Northeast economy. The results show that the high-quality development index can reflect the high-quality development level of the economy， and it is concluded that the northeast economy is in the process of high-quality development. Among them， the high-quality development of Liaoning's economy lies in the role of innovative development and green development; the high-quality development of Jilin's economy lies in the role of innovative development， green development and shared development; the high-quality development of Heilongjiang's economy lies in the role of green development and shared development. The common problem in the process of high-quality economic development in Northeast China is the lack of open development. Therefore， the focus of the overall revitalization of the northeast economy in the future is to expand the opening up and development， and to actively participate in the construction of “Belt and Road Initiative” to promote the regional integration in Northeast Asia. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Behaviors of Enterprises， Poor Households and Local Governments in Industrial Precision Poverty Alleviation LIN Yan-li， YANG Tong-shu 2020, 22 (1):  40-48.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.006 Abstract ( 566 )   HTML   PDF (940KB) ( 756 )   Industrial poverty alleviation is a poverty alleviation model involving the joint participation of enterprises， poor households and governments. Therefore， in order to improve the allocation efficiency of poverty alleviation resources and achieve the goal of sustainable poverty reduction， the key is to require cooperation among enterprises， poor households and local governments to form a healthy ecological circulation system. Based on the evolutionary game theory， enterprises， poor households and local governments are integrated into an analysis framework as a whole of interest. By constructing the evolutionary game model of “enterprise-poor household-local government” in industrial poverty alleviation， this paper focuses on the analysis of the evolutionary game process of the multiple subjects' behavior choice in industrial poverty alleviation and the main factors affecting the behavior choice of multiple subjects in order to find the long-term evolution path to realize sustainable poverty reduction. It is found， on the one hand， that the behavior strategies of the three parties interact with each other. That is to say， the strategic choice of an enterprise is affected by its own factors and the choice of government strategy， and the strategic choice of poor households is mainly affected by their own factors as well as the strategic choice of the enterprises and the governments， but the choice of the government's strategy is not related to the choice of the strategy of the enterprise and the poor. It is only affected by its own factors. On the other hand， in the long-term evolutionary game， the three parties can achieve the ideal model of “active poverty alleviation by the enterprises， active participation of the poor households， and the government supervision” to achieve the sustainable poverty reduction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Influence of Donor-recipient Relationship on Donation Amount in Online Donation Crowdfunding ZHANG Ying， ZHOU Yan-feng， GAO Yin-bin 2020, 22 (1):  49-57.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.007 Abstract ( 415 )   HTML   PDF (1032KB) ( 861 )   The rise of online donation crowdfunding platforms has changed the traditional acquaintance charity. The donor-recipient relationship still plays an important role in online donation crowdfunding. This research focuses on the situation of online donation crowdfunding and explores the mechanism of the effect of the relationship between the donors and the recipients on the donation amount through experiments. The results indicate that in online donation crowdfunding platforms， there are two ways for the donor-recipient relationship to influence the donation amount. When the donor and the recipient are in an estranged relationship， the donor will donate through self-promotion motivation. When the donor and recipient are in a close relationship， the donor will donate through altruistic motives， and the donation amount is higher than that of the estranged relationship. Donor's moral identity and fundraising people's interpersonal attraction will regulate the relationship between the donor-recipient relationship type and the donation amount. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Politics and Public Management

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From Embedment to Integration: New Development of the Party Construction in Commercial Buildings——An Empirical Analysis of H Town in Shanghai ZHOU Jun， XU Jiu-juan 2020, 22 (1):  58-64.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.008 Abstract ( 457 )   HTML   PDF (909KB) ( 730 )   With the emergence of commercial building community， the Embedded Party Construction Model with the “two embedments” as its main contents has encountered many challenges， which arouses the need of setting up Integrated Party Construction. In recent years， H Town of Shanghai City has adopted “four integrations” in Party Construction: function integration through grid management， governance bodies integration through co-construction and consultation mechanisms， resource integration through projects， and platform integration through the use of information technology. Based on this， H town has established the basic institutional framework of Integrated Party Construction with the “meta-governance” function of the Party， the system of “one core and multiple elements”， and various governance mechanisms and technical platforms as its main contents. Further development of Integrated Party Construction needs to speed up the improvement of relevant institutions， and strengthen the overall planning and the integration of social autonomy forces. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Research on the Refined Integrity Education Model of the Supervisory Committee——Taking the Career Development Stage of Public Officials as Analysis Perspective LYU Yong-xiang， WANG Li-feng 2020, 22 (1):  65-72.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.009 Abstract ( 422 )   HTML   PDF (955KB) ( 543 )   At present， there are three general perspectives in academic circles on the refined integrity education model: public power， age and career development stages. The analysis perspective of using the career development stage as refined integrity education model of the supervisory committee has both comparative advantage and expandable space. The fine-grained classification of public officials based on their career development stages， combined with the accurate analysis of their differentiated corruption motives and the confessions of fallen officials show that the public officials' hedonic psychology based on the abnormal consumption concept， the speculative psychology generated by distorted view of power， the compensation psychology based on the defensive attribution of individual success or failure， and the “power-will-expire-if-not-used” psychology generated on basis of the superficial understanding of professional reputation and corruption cost constitute the corruption motives of public officials who are in the career establishment period， the career development period， the career maintenance period and the career exit period respectively. In view of this， when the supervisory committee educates public officials at different stages of their career development， it needs to target at strengthening the education of their concept of consumption and power， attribution of personal success and failure， and the cost of professional reputation and corruption. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Influence Factor of Public Perceived Risk:A Two-dimensional Examination from Interest and Information——Based on the Empirical Analysis of L City WANG Gang， XU Ya-qian 2020, 22 (1):  73-80.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.010 Abstract ( 419 )   HTML   PDF (964KB) ( 1673 )   At present， the explanation of the influencing factors of public risk perception in the academic circle mainly lies in three perspectives: the risk itself， the actors， and the intermediary carriers， but there is insufficient attention to the mechanism of benefits and information. To this end， the impact of interest and information saturation on public risk perception is analyzed through 791 data obtained from field and network surveys in L City. The results show the interest relationship between the public and risk projects is not conducive to the reduction of risk perception; the strengthening of the negative interest relationship will increase the public's risk perception; more saturated information can suppress the public's risk perception. Further investigation has found that positive interests， to some extent， dispel the strengthening of public risk perception by negative interests， and the knowledge related to risk and the degree of correlation between work background and risk significantly affect public risk perception. Therefore， the long-term mechanism to reduce the public risk perception is to reduce the degree of involvement of risk projects and the public interest， and to increase the public's information saturation in multiple ways. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Law

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On the Introduction and Application of Special Elements of Tort Punitive Damages Liability——From the Perspective of “the Possibility of Evading Liability” CHEN De-min， GUO Hai-lan 2020, 22 (1):  81-89.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.011 Abstract ( 507 )   HTML   PDF (941KB) ( 665 )   Outside the framework of traditional elements of tort liability， the calculation model of punitive damages amount was preliminarily constructed by American scholars Polinsky and Shavell， which takes “the possibility of evading liability” as a special element. In China， the general elements of tort liability centered on the traditional theory of “four elements” rarely distinguish “the possibility of evading liability”， which leads to the risk of generalization in the judicial application of tort punitive liability， and the lack of objective， scientific， reasonable and operational calculation of punitive damages amount. Taking Article 47 of tort liability law as an example， this paper analyzes the feasible approach to localize the special elements of tort punitive liability， which includes three aspects， i.e. the identification path of special elements with the tool of advanced review of “external identification-internal identification”， the calculation of punitive damages amount based on the consideration of deterrence effect， and the possibility determination based on the determination of “the possibility of evading liability” of the individual case. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Jurisprudence and Philosophical Proof of the Negative Theory of AI Criminal Responsibility Subject——Also on What “Human” Is FENG Wen-jie， LI Yong-sheng 2020, 22 (1):  90-98.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.012 Abstract ( 391 )   HTML   PDF (950KB) ( 672 )   The affirmation of AI criminal responsibility subject hides the problems of floating the problem， simplifying the strategy， and neglecting the legal principle. The current negative theory of AI criminal responsibility subject has the problem of neglecting the specific context of affirmation and the lack of critical power.It should be legalized and philosophically proved. Neither the weak AI products nor the strong AI products should be the subject of criminal responsibility. They are only intelligent mechanical products that humans can control and that rely on electric energy for survival. They should be used as tools for human beings to achieve free and comprehensive development. Man is the measure of all things.The affirmation theory insists on a mechanical “human”. The core part of the application of criminal law and the basic principles of criminal imputation will not change fundamentally due to the emergence of AI technology. The risk of the development of AI technology depends not only on the top-level design of the algorithm， but also on the integration of rule of law management into every aspect of AI development to prevent negative consequences. Legal persons must acknowledge the limitations of their knowledge， maintain moderate restraint， and must not mistake emotion or association for “reality”. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Marxism Theory

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Philosophical Study of the Thought of “Human and Nature Are the Life Community”——Based on the Theory of Marxism Community SHEN Guang-ming 2020, 22 (1):  99-105.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.013 Abstract ( 861 )   HTML   PDF (913KB) ( 1695 )   Xi Jinping's important exposition on “Human and Nature are the Life Community” provides a guiding theory for the concrete practice of ecological civilization construction in China. Life community is the inevitable pattern of ecological civilization in the development process of human history， and is the inevitable result of the development of the monetary community and community of free individuals. Freedom is the core value of the life community， and the free state between human and nature is the indispensable content of human freedom and overall development. Harmonious coexistence is the ethical principle of life community， and the modernization of the socialism with Chinese characteristics is the modernization of harmonious coexistence between human and nature， thus the Chinese modernization construction must shoulder the ethical responsibility of restoration of ecology， conservation of nature and environmental construction. The thought of “Human and Nature are the Life Community” has been implemented in the specific policies and measures of ecological civilization， and it has achieved notable results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Theoretical Form and Misreading Paradigm of Constructivism in Moral Theory of Marx and Engels JIN De-nan 2020, 22 (1):  106-111.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.014 Abstract ( 477 )   HTML   PDF (891KB) ( 663 )   The moral theory of Marx and Engels affirms the dynamic and practical characteristic of human beings as moral subjects. It clarifies the dominant role of productive labor and material benefits on morality， completes the theoretical criticism of ideological “moral theory”， and reserves the theoretical space for moral constructivism. At the same time， it describes a rigorous system which takes the realistic individual as the subject， the action and construction of morality as the procedure， and the “real person's morality” as the goal. It shows the essential characteristics of the moral constructivism. Because of the misreading of the theoretical form of constructivism in the moral theory of Marx and Engels， there has been a simple emphasis on the moral deconstruction of the moral theory of Marx and Engels， ignoring its moral construction significance， or vice versa， which has fueled to boost the thoughts of “ethical socialism” and “anti-moralism of Marx and Engels”， making them the two theoretical errors in people's scientific understanding of the moral theory of Marx and Engels. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Linguistics and Literature

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Translation Ethics in the Era of Technology: Challenges and Expansions LI Han-ji， CHEN Hai-qing 2020, 22 (1):  112-119.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.015 Abstract ( 464 )   HTML   PDF (1082KB) ( 1301 )   As an important topic in translation studies， translation ethics has attracted wide attention by scholars. However， there are some limitations in the current research in both the theory and application levels such as weakness in maneuverability， single statute subjects and lack of technical care. Faced with the challenges of traditional translation ethics in terms of statute subjects， statute standards and statute scenarios in the era of technology， it is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of technicians， translators and educators from different stages of research， development， use and education of translation technology. Thus， the research scope of translation ethics can be expanded and the harmonious and orderly development of translation technology can be promoted. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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“Preacher” John: An Articulating Subject or a Silent Other?——A Body Phenomenological Interpretation of Hurston's Jonah's Gourd Vine LI Rui 2020, 22 (1):  120-126.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.01.016 Abstract ( 569 )   HTML   PDF (915KB) ( 753 )   Hurston's novel Jonah's Gourd Vine creates a black male image with a wonderful oral expression ability. The black man inherits the African American oral tradition and tries to construct the subjectivity by his body action—articulation. However， in the process of the empowerment， the black male suppresses and disciplines the black female with his articulating body and gets engaged in the complicated discourse negotiations in the black community. Meanwhile， the black man loses his oral ability and becomes silent in his confrontation with the white people. In Hurston's eyes， the articulating body is a two-sided sword for the black man. References | Related Articles | Metrics