Abstract: Universities and researchers play the role of client and agent respectively in the academic championship. Through relevant performance rules， an incentive system is established to strength the link between the work performance of scientific research and the reward. Under the research paradigm of state-structure-performance， mutual incentives， scientific research quantification， and resource competition constitute the state factors of the academic championship system， and form the benchmarking of goal setting， driving style of content design， and centralized style of promotion， which are structural features of the academic championship system. With these factors， the academic championship system has made remarkable achievements in academic capital， university function and research orientation， but it still faces many problems. If we want to give full play to the positive effect of the academic championship system， we need to optimize the university academic championship system through environmental reconstruction and institutional reconstruction.

Key words: state-structure-performance, the academic championship system, academic capital transformation