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25 September 2019, Volume 21 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy
Economics and Management
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Law
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy

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Innovation of Buttons for Technological Philosophy ZHANG Xiao-feng 2019, 21 (5):  441-448.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.001 Abstract ( 544 )   HTML   PDF (950KB) ( 642 )   Buttons have become part of the adult body， a web of social relationships， and an algorithm of thought evolution. As a common manifestation of technology， buttons can be a phenomenological entry point of analytic technology. Taking buttons as an example， from such dimensions as “natural button， social button and thought button”， the connotation of buttons for technological philosophy is analyzed in depth. From the perspective of natural power， a button is the extension and evolution of human body organs; from the perspective of social value， a button is the multifunctional craft body which the society constructs; and from the perspective of thought algorithms， a button represents the future trends of human intelligence and automation. By giving an in-depth analysis of the origin， characteristics， hub function， future trends and other issues of button-related concepts， and attempting to reveal its materiality， sociality， times and ideology， it is expected to benefit the philosophical research of specific technologies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Moral Dilemma and Transcendence of Violent Computer Games ——Based on Miguel Sicart's Model and Methods WU Yi-di 2019, 21 (5):  449-456.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.002 Abstract ( 495 )   HTML   PDF (998KB) ( 1197 )   The moral dilemma of violent computer games is that violent computer games are likely to cause players involved to practice violent behaviors in real life as well. According to Sicart's model， this dilemma is formed by the encounter between instrumental gameplay and violent content and behaviors that represent conflicts and its subsequent desensitization effects. It might be coped with from three aspects. First， the ethical game design of designers invites violent content in the form of game fiction to participate in the expression of ethical propositions with humanistic connotations in order to create conflicts between “procedural gradient of abstraction” and “semantic gradient of abstraction”， thus awakening players' ethical awareness. Second， the ethical gameplay means that players can actively use their ethical values to reflect on their game behaviors and manage the whole game system. Third， the regulatory authorities can manage by setting up rating systems， building online platforms， and improving career planning. Finally， the model is criticized and improved by adding the “technological gradient of abstraction”. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Craftsman Spirit with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era and Its Philosophical Basis WAN Chang-song， SUN Qi-ming 2019, 21 (5):  456-461.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.003 Abstract ( 836 )   HTML   PDF (918KB) ( 976 )   With the development of social productivity and the increasing complexity of engineering technology， the connotation of craftsman spirit has been continuously enriched and developed. The longer the history， the richer its meaning. Since the reform and opening-up， China has made brilliant achievements in the four fields of science， technology， engineering and industry in the world competition. In particular， it has been able to stand out in the field of engineering construction， thanks in large part to the craftsmanship of Chinese engineers. This kind of craftsman spirit has developed into a new era， and has already got rid of the limitations of micro-individual ingenuity and has risen to the spirit of Chinese craftsmanship in the new era in the macro-collective sense. Based on the spirit of Chinese traditional craftsmen and guided by the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism， it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the connotation and philosophical foundation of the Chinese craftsman spirit in the new era， and carry the spirit on and forward in the great project of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Economics and Management

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An Assessment of Rail Transit Operation Effects on Air Pollution Reduction——A Quasi-experimentation GUO Shi-hong， CHEN Li-qiang 2019, 21 (5):  462-469.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.004 Abstract ( 478 )   HTML   PDF (952KB) ( 1009 )   Based on the quasi-experimental design of regression discontinuity， an empirical analysis of the effects of the opening of Beijing Rail Transit on air pollution reduction is conducted. At the same time， the results are verified by robustness tests such as bandwidth check， discontinuity test， and control variable test. The regression result shows that the opening of rail transit has promoted air pollution reduction in Beijing as a whole and reduced the concentrations of PM2.5， PM10， SO2， CO and NO2 with no reduction of O3 concentration. The results are highly robust across a variety of estimation tests. The external validity and substitution effect of rail transit are verified based on a national sample. The extended tests show that rail transit still has a significant effect on improving air quality， which is mainly realized by the replacement of private cars， taxis and buses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Forming and Driving Mechanisms of User Value System in Platform Ecosystem——From the Perspective of User Engagement NING Lian-ju， SUN Zhong-yuan， XIAO Shuo-chen 2019, 21 (5):  470-479.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.005 Abstract ( 503 )   HTML   PDF (1295KB) ( 944 )   According to user engagement theory， the role of user's non-transactional value in business process is increasing. Based on this， the paper systematically analyzes the forming and driving mechanisms of user value system in platform ecosystems from the perspective of user engagement. The contribution of user resources and types of user value in platform ecosystems are discussed. The forming mechanisms of user lifetime value， user sharing value， and user co-creation value from the user resources are explored and the roles of the behavioral activities， including transaction behavior， advertising behavior， sharing behavior and co-creation behavior in forming mechanisms of the user value system are sorted out. Finally， this paper portrays and verifies the role of user engagement in the driving mechanisms of user value system， and provides a theoretical basis for the operation management of the platform enterprise and the management identification， understanding and user's resources and value mining. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Influence Mechanism of Work-family Conflict and Ruminant Thinking on Subjective Well-being WANG Lin， SHI Kan， LUO Dong-ying 2019, 21 (5):  480-488.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.006 Abstract ( 531 )   HTML   PDF (985KB) ( 1011 )   This research takes university teachers as the object and studies the influence mechanism of work-family conflict and ruminant thinking on subjective well-being through questionnaire survey and statistical analysis methods. Research results show that ruminant thinking has a significant impact on perceived organizational support and subjective well-being. Among them， ruminant thinking positively affects organizational support and negatively affects subjective well-being; perceived organizational support positively affects subjective well-being; perceived organizational support mediates ruminant thinking and subjective well-being; perceived work alienation positively regulates ruminant thinking and perceived organizational support. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Politics and Public Management

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Multiple Logics of the Diffusion of Government Information Disclosure System——An Event History Analysis of Chinese Provinces HAN Xiao， WU Jin-peng 2019, 21 (5):  489-496.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.007 Abstract ( 448 )   HTML   PDF (953KB) ( 683 )   The government information disclosure system is spreading faster in the stage of induced diffusion than the imposed diffusion stage. This is contrary to the existing theoretical explanation. Due to the lack of empirical research that discusses the diffusion mechanism to find a reasonable explanation based on the policy diffusion theory， this paper used discrete time event history analysis (EHA) to analyze the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2004 to 2015， and tested the organizational behavior logic that plays a leading role in different diffusion stages. It is found that government information disclosure system is driven by efficiency logic and actor logic in the induced diffusion stage， and influenced by legitimacy logic and efficiency logic in the imposed diffusion stage. This research helps to deepen the understanding of the internal logic of policy innovation diffusion of local governments in China and provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Dynamic Mechanism of Endogenous Development in Rural Revitalization——A Case Study Based on Y Village in Shanghai ZHANG Yu-qiang， ZHANG Lei 2019, 21 (5):  497-504.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.008 Abstract ( 654 )   HTML   PDF (978KB) ( 1981 )   The long-term practice of rural development shows that the simple mode of administrative promotion cannot effectively solve the problem of rural sustainable development. Exploring the possibility of rural revitalization from the perspective of endogenous development theory is helpful to clarify the key variables and endogenous basis for the realization of rural revitalization. Using case studies and interviews through the analysis of the case of Y village in Shanghai which has transformed from “a poor village” to “a rural revitalization model village”， it is found that the micro-dynamic mechanisms of rural endogenous development under the guarantee of “external power” include realizing the endogenous resources with the development of advantageous industries which is the basis for the endogenous development of the rural area， perfecting the rural governance system and realizing the organization mobilization through village self-organization which is the core and the key， and stimulating the countryside memory of local residents and realizing their identities which is an important guarantee. The results show that the endogenous development in rural revitalization is the result of organic combination of rural endogenous forces and external forces such as the government， social organizations， and the market and so on. The practice of Y village provides some experience for realizing the endogenous development in rural revitalization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Consideration of Social Stability Risks in Welfare Supply ——A Research Based on Funding Levels of Citizens' Health Insurance GUO Feng-lin， YAN Jie 2019, 21 (5):  505-511.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.009 Abstract ( 434 )   HTML   PDF (944KB) ( 697 )   Traditional research on the supply level of local public goods focuses on the investigation of local government supply capacity rather than the supply willingness. But in welfare products， maintaining social stability is viewed as an important goal of government supply. Using national surveys， the paper examined the impact of social stability risks on local citizens' health insurance funding level. It is found that the level of regional social stability risk has a significant positive impact on the level of medical insurance funding， showing that local governments absorb social stability risks in welfare supply. However， this kind of absorption mainly comes from the demands expressed by the political participation in the system. The demands of socialization and the channels outside the system are insufficiently concerned， and the degree of absorption of socialization and participation outside the system needs to be improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Law

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Research on Judicial Application of the Good Faith Clause in Trademarks Squatting ZHANG Ling 2019, 21 (5):  512-518.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.010 Abstract ( 459 )   HTML   PDF (932KB) ( 659 )   The Trademark Law of China in 2013 adds a good faith clause as Article 7， clarifying that the application for registration and use of a trademark should follow the principle of good faith. Article 7 puts forward the requirements of the clean hand for the acquisition of trademark rights. This is not directly related to whether the trademark is well-known， or whether the squatter and the party which has already used the trademark have specific connections. The good faith article can remedy the omission of specific terms containing trademark squatting， and correct the interpretation difficulty and application confusion in the protection of specific private interests in paragraph 1 of Article 44. If a trademark applicant is aware that the trademark has already been used or registered before the application， but still registers the trademark for the purpose of competitively impeding or seeking illegitimate interests， such application shall be declared invalid. At the same time， courts should refuse to provide any protection for the trademarks registered by squatters. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Walk-out of “City-encircling of Policies” in Community Governance from the Perspective of the Rule of Law CHEN Guang 2019, 21 (5):  519-525.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.011 Abstract ( 400 )   HTML   PDF (934KB) ( 555 )   Policy-driving is one of the features of the standardized development of community governance in our country. A large number of community governance policy documents have been issued at the central and local levels， which forms the situation of city-encircling of policies. There is a dilemma of the public policy work in the community governance. On one hand， public policies play an important role in the standardization of community governance， such as clearing the concepts and goal orientation of community governance and building the macro systems and micro mechanisms of community governance. On the other hand， public policies also have some limits or even defects， such as policy failure because of the attributes of policies and lack of constraints to state powers because of excessive trust. To this end， the role of public policy in community governance needs to be repositioned. By incorporating principles or concepts of the rule of law， standardizing convergence and cooperation， and conducting policy evaluations， we can improve the quality of public policies in community governance， and thus walk out of city-circling of policies indeed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Education

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Research on Academic Championship System in Universities from the Perspective of State-Structure-Performance CHEN Liang-yu， TANG Zhi-wei 2019, 21 (5):  526-531.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.012 Abstract ( 421 )   HTML   PDF (921KB) ( 1073 )   Universities and researchers play the role of client and agent respectively in the academic championship. Through relevant performance rules， an incentive system is established to strength the link between the work performance of scientific research and the reward. Under the research paradigm of state-structure-performance， mutual incentives， scientific research quantification， and resource competition constitute the state factors of the academic championship system， and form the benchmarking of goal setting， driving style of content design， and centralized style of promotion， which are structural features of the academic championship system. With these factors， the academic championship system has made remarkable achievements in academic capital， university function and research orientation， but it still faces many problems. If we want to give full play to the positive effect of the academic championship system， we need to optimize the university academic championship system through environmental reconstruction and institutional reconstruction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Educational Achievement Change， Social Ties Use and Career Status Acquisition LI Li-ming， LIAO Li 2019, 21 (5):  532-538.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.013 Abstract ( 412 )   HTML   PDF (954KB) ( 736 )   Through the analysis of the data of the “social network and job search survey” in 2014 and 2016， it is found that the change of educational achievement and the way of position acquisition of the workers after they get their first jobs have different influence mechanisms on the career status. Different education diplomas have different incentives for workers after their first employment， and the adult higher education is more likely to attract people to “further study”. Job seekers who use “guanxi” to get their first jobs are more likely to change their educational achievements in the future. Those who use “guanxi” to get their current jobs are more likely to achieve upward social mobility， but the impact of changes in educational achievements on the rise of professional status is not significant. The change of educational achievements after the initial employment only compensates for the deficiency of educational signal and does not solve the crisis of trust in employers' ability to work like the social ties. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Linguistics and Literature

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Self-alienation and Return: A Reflection on the Construction of Female Identity in Lena SHI Gui-ren， LI Xiao-han 2019, 21 (5):  539-544.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.014 Abstract ( 509 )   HTML   PDF (916KB) ( 877 )   Marx's alienation theory points out that when a person's essence is externalized as the alien， the relationship between him and his essence becomes the object relationship， which causes alienation. In Mavis Garland's Lena， the male discourse deepens the marginalization of the female， which makes Lena neither get emotional comfort from the family nor identity from the society. The subject of self-denial transfers from the family and society to the individual self， which causes self-alienation. Therefore， the female have to return and perfect themselves， and become the subject of the family and society and manifest their subjective values， which would prevent themselves from alienation and achieve identity construction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Truth About the Identity of the Other: Naipaul's The Enigma of Arrival and Its Cognitive Mode ZHANG De-xu 2019, 21 (5):  545-550.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2019.05.015 Abstract ( 823 )   HTML   PDF (927KB) ( 1106 )   The Enigma of Arrival showcases Naipaul's persistent seeking for truth about human identity at a specific historical juncture of English multiculturalism. Through the migrant protagonist's cognitive acts toward England and its people， the novel reveals to us two kinds of truth. On the one hand， the novel suggests that the epistemic violence inflicted through the British colonial discourse leads to his continual misjudgment of England and its people; on the other， it breaks away from the commonplace “self vs. other” dichotomy inherent in a typical postcolonial reading by deploying the protagonist's heuristic cognition of local British personages， thereby laying bare the ideology in the notion of a unified national identity promoted by the Thatcher government in the early 1980s. References | Related Articles | Metrics