Abstract: As the most distinct feature of land policies in the new era， becoming the shareholder of land contracting management right is built on the previous land contracting liability system. The Marxist land rent theory provides theoretical support and innovative ideas for the policy of becoming the shareholder of land contracting management right. It is of great significance to put into effect the policy of becoming the shareholder of land contracting management right. On the quantitative side， the total social welfare could be improved and the farmers income could be increased. On the qualitative side， the farmers autonomy could be enhanced and the development of agriculture could be promoted， which to some extent helps to tackle the employment of surplus rural labor force and the contradiction between large land ownership and small land ownership.

Key words: rent theory, land policy, land contracting management right