Fault Feature Extraction and Analysis of Rotating Blade Cracks

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20230267

Abstract

Abstract:

To complete the fault characteristic extraction of blade cracks， a finite element model of a cracked blade incorporating breathing effect was first established based on the Mindlin-Reissner shell element. The dynamic response of the cracked blade under the combined action of centrifugal and aerodynamic loads was solved， providing excitation signal input for fault feature extraction. Then， fault indicators based on the nonlinear output frequency response function and energy indicators were established. Finally， the effectiveness of various indicators in extracting the fault characteristics of rotating blade cracks was analyzed. The results showed that the contribution rate indicator F_e（n） and weighted contribution rate indicator R_n（n） are unstable and insensitive in diagnosing blade crack faults， whereas the energy indicator effectively extracts blade crack fault characteristics under both resonant and non-resonant state. These results provide engineering guidance for feature extraction， analysis， and indicator selection of rotating blade crack faults.

Key words: rotating blade, breathing crack, fault feature extraction, energy indicator, finite element method

CLC Number:

TH 113.1

Hong GUAN, Qian XIONG, Hui MA, Wei-wei WANG. Fault Feature Extraction and Analysis of Rotating Blade Cracks[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(3): 60-68.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Cracks blade

Fig.2 Fe values at the first 4 order in the 1st resonance state

Fig.3 Fe values at the first 4 orders under 150 Hz excitation frequency

Fig.4 WNOFRFs values at the first 4 order at different γ under the 1st resonance state

Fig.5 WNOFRFs values at the first 4 order at different λ under the 1st resonance state

Fig.6 WNOFRFs values at the first 4 order under different γ at 150 Hz excitation frequency

Fig.7 WNOFRFs values at the first 4 orders under different λ at 150 Hz excitation frequency

Table 1 Change trend of indicator δ

指标类型	数值	1阶共振频率下能量指标 δ×10^-3/J	非共振频率下能量指标 δ×10^-5/J
裂纹深度比γ	0	0	0
	0.1	0.46	0.35
	0.2	0.83	0.48
	0.3	4.31	0.85
	0.4	12.39	1.44
	0.5	20.92	3.62
裂纹位置比λ	0	0	0
	0.1	28.4	2.32
	0.2	9.80	1.23
	0.3	4.31	0.85
	0.4	1.41	0.31

Table 2 Comparison of the indicators

指标		共振状态		非共振状态		特点
指标		不同深度	不同位置	不同深度	不同位置	特点
F_e(n)	F_e(1)	×	×	√	√	适用范围小
	F_e(2)	×	×	√	√
	F_e(3)	×	×	√	√
	F_e(4)	×	×	×	×
R_n(n)	R_n(1)	×	×	√	√
	R_n(2)	×	×	√	×
	R_n(3)	×	×	×	×
	R_n(4)	×	×	×	×
能量指标δ		√	√	√	√	稳定性好、灵敏度高、适用范围广

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