Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

Modeling and stability analysis based on hybrid system technology for networked control systems

Ma, Dan (1); Zhao, Jun (2)

2005, 26 (9): 817-820. DOI: -

Abstract ( 222 )

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A modeling method based on hybrid system technology for a class of networked control systems with network induced delay is presented. The stability of networked control systems is analyzed using the theory of hybrid systems. A stabilizing dynamic output feedback controller is designed to implement the stability of the closed-loop system to avoid the difficulty caused by constructing Lyapunov functions of time delay systems. The condition on which the sampling period and transmission delay become constant is extended to be a time variant condition with the system model generalized. The stability region is thus enlarged with satisfactory dynamic performance. Simulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.

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H∞ robust hybrid control for uncertain affine nonlinear systems

Zhao, Sheng-Zhi (1); Zhao, Jun (1)

2005, 26 (9): 821-823. DOI: -

Abstract ( 231 )

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For an affine nonlinear system affected by internal and external disturbances, the discontinuous state feedback controllers are built by using switching technique and multiple Lyapunov function method with switching laws designed to ensure that for all allowable uncertainties the relevant closed-loop system possesses the prescribed L2-gain and is asymptotically stable. The main condition is given in form of a group of partial differential inequalities, among which the inequalities are more solvable than a general Hamilton-Jacobi inequality after introducing the sealer functions. This method transforms the H∞ control problem of general systems into that of a certain switched system and has strong robustness for the variation of system parameters.

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Intelligent prediction model of magnetic tube recovery rate for shaft furnace roasting

Yan, Ai-Jun (1); Chai, Tian-You (2)

2005, 26 (9): 824-827. DOI: -

Abstract ( 240 )

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As a key evaluation index for the quality of roasted iron ore, the magnetic tube recovery rate (MTRR) was usually postponed intermittently to get until it has been analyzed chemically in off-line way after each and every roasting process completed in shaft furnace. An intelligent model has been developed to predict the MTRR punctually on the basis of intelligence technology. This model consists of five modules served as for data acquisition pretreatment, decision-making, prediction, online modification and quality evaluation. Introduces the model's framework and main functions of those modules. The model has been applied to the optimal operation and control of iron ore roasting process in shaft furnace and laid down a solid foundation for the comprehensive automatic system in ore processing plant. Its obvious benefits are low maintenance cost, good real time function, and high reliability precision.

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Uniform design of initial population and operational parameters of genetic algorithm

He, Da-Kuo (1); Wang, Fu-Li (1); Jia, Ming-Xing (1)

2005, 26 (9): 828-831. DOI: -

Abstract ( 589 )

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Based on the study on how to set the initial population and operational parameters of operators, a conclusion can be drawn that distribution of the initial population and the selection of operational parameters of operators directly concerns global convergence and searching efficiency of genetic algorithm. The reasonable setting of initial population and operational parameters is an important problem in the application of genetic algorithm to performing optimization calculation. At the same time, the initial population of genetic algorithm must reflect the information on solution space scientifically. During the setting of operational parameters attention must be paid to both diversity and fastness to coordinate them well. Based on optimization design theory, a method is proposed to establish initial population and operational parameters simultaneously by uniform design. A simplified calculation method is thus proposed using equivalent principle of uniform design to obtain uniform initial population. Simulation results show that the method is feasible and effective.

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Dynamical modeling and computing of biped robot with heterogeneous legs and closed-chain

Wang, Bin-Rui (1); Xie, Hua-Long (1); Gao, Cheng (1); Xu, Xin-He (1)

2005, 26 (9): 832-835. DOI: -

Abstract ( 276 )

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The 9-linkage model of biped robot with heterogeneous legs is given. After building a constraint equation of this robot machine including closed-chain, using multi-body dynamic Lagrangian equation to establish the dynamic equations of this robot system. Determines the differential coefficient of constraint equation to get extended differential equations, then adds them to the system's dynamic equations which are higher-order differential-algebraic mixed equations so as to use numerical integration algorithm. Error feedback control is designed to decrease computing error and insure the convergence of this algorithm. Algorithm simulation computing is done to solve the dynamic equation of the bionic leg. Errors of numerical integration with and without error feed back control are compared. All results show the modeling is right and the error feedback control method can improve the precision of numerical integration algorithm and avoid the errors to be cumulated.

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FEM-based dynamic analysis of injured human spine

Guo, Li-Xin (1); Chen, Wei (2); Liu, Xue-Yong (2)

2005, 26 (9): 836-839. DOI: -

Abstract ( 253 )

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To investigate the influence of injured lumbar spine on its adjacent components under whole body vibration, a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model of lumbar spine segments L3-L5 was developed. Several injury conditions of spine components were assumed, such as facetomy, denucleation and removal of posterior elements, and the dynamic finite element analyses were carried out to those injury conditions. The results show that the lumbar spine exhibits not only the vertical vibration but also the flexion-extension motion during vibration. The facet joints can limit the amplitude of flexion-extension motion of lumbar spine so as to protect the posterior region of annulus from large strain and stress during vibration. The disc denucleation will lead to high stress and bulge of intervertebral discs. The facetomy may exacerbate the degeration of intervertebral disc in the process of whole body vibration.

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Overall evaluation and decision-making based on evidential reasoning for investment projects

Fu, Yan-Hua (1); Tang, Jia-Fu (2); Zhang, Hua-Guang (2)

2005, 26 (9): 840-843. DOI: -

Abstract ( 212 )

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In the light of the uncertain factors in the investment decision system, a model for multiple attribute decision analysis (MADA) based on evidential reasoning (ER) is developed to solve the problems with both quantitative and qualitative information in uncertain environment. With the ER, the confidence matrix is used to express the assessed values of attributes, and a rule based on such a technique is developed to transform various types of information according to the grade of the general attribute so that all the attributes can be assessed in a consistent manner. The ranking of scheme is finally generated on the basis of the magnitude of utilities by virtue of utility theory. The investment decision is exemplified to demonstrate that the ER is effective in investment decision system.

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Theory of solving of E-GENET for non-binary constraint satisfaction problems

Feng, Xin (1); Tang, Li-Xin (1); Leung, Ho-Fung (2)

2005, 26 (9): 844-847. DOI: -

Abstract ( 267 )

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Non-binary constraint satisfaction problems (NB-CSPs) are transformed into the integer constrained minimization problems by extending correlative definitions of E-GENET. Then, a class of discrete Lagrangian-based search scheme and algorithm with non-binary variable constraints (NB-LSDL) is proposed for such problems to restructure E-GENET from NB-LSDL. It is useful to gain important insights into the heuristic repair method to minimize conflicts and improve variant of E-GENET for the CSPs with general constraints in a new theoretical perspective. The experimental results show that it is effective and feasible to re-extend E-GENET by using NB-LSDL.

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Distribution of locating reference points in pervasive computing environment

Zhang, Wen-Bo (1); Zhao, Hai (1); Wang, Xiao-Ying (1); Guan, Mo (1)

2005, 26 (9): 848-851. DOI: -

Abstract ( 220 )

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In view of the requirements for high locating accuracy and fast response to location information in the 2-D space as a pervasive computing environment, the errors due to locating an equilateral triangular domain is studied on the basis of analyzing the conventional 2-phase locating algorithm. It is found that the locating accuracy can be greatly improved if taking equilateral triangles as the fundamental locating elements. Thus, the theorem of distribution of locating reference points is proposed to design and implement a new locating algorithm taking equilateral triangles as fundamental locating elements. The new algorithm will not only save on a great deal of computation/storage resources but ensure the real-time veracity of locating computation.

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Indexing technique for object-oriented XML data

Zhang, Xiao-Lin (1); Zhao, Xiang-Guo (1); Wang, Guo-Ren (1)

2005, 26 (9): 852-855. DOI: -

Abstract ( 282 )

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Path repository is proposed as a novel indexing scheme for object-oriented XML data, which is a bi-level tree to represent compactly and precisely the object-oriented XML data and composed of a group level and element level. At the group level, the path repository provides path summaries and class hierarchies, to store the element/attribute OIDs which are the specific information owned by the subtree rooted in index class, while the element/attribute OIDs inherited are stored at upper level to enable early pruning of a large search space. At the element level, the path repository preserves detailed child-parent links so as to access quickly the parent and improve greatly the query processing efficiency. The group-based element reference is used instead of global IDs to enable the heterogeneous XML values to be differentiated according to their groups with similar element values clustered and indexed.

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Improving similarity search of multidimensional data by reducing query space

Zhou, Xiang-Min (1); Zhao, Xiang-Guo (1); Wang, Guo-Ren (1)

2005, 26 (9): 856-859. DOI: -

Abstract ( 167 )

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To perform the query in a high dimensional query space, a novel filtering strategy is proposed. Projecting the high dimensional data into a low dimensional space and filtering the query space in the projected space, the query space is reduced and shrunk quickly. At the same time, an effective projecting strategy is proposed to enhance the reducibility of low dimensional space. Moreover, a new indexing structure or MS-tree is designed with a new filtering strategy applied to the range query of ML-tree. Experimental results show that reducing query space can improve the indexing performance effectively and reduce the cost for IO and CPU.

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PERT based risk evaluation model for virtual enterprise

Huang, Min (1); Li, Feng-E (1); Wang, Xing-Wei (1)

2005, 26 (9): 860-863. DOI: -

Abstract ( 325 )

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An effective risk evaluation method for virtual enterprise is proposed. Focused on the characteristics of the project organization mode and the uncertain information, by considering the effect of time on entire risk of virtual enterprise, the model of virtual enterprise risk evaluation is established based on program evaluation and review technique. The entire risk of the enterprise is described by the project complication probability under different project risk level while the relationship between the risk level and the process time of each process, the fuzzy risk level of each process, and the relationship between the risk level and the process time of the project are known. The example analysis demonstrates that the method is an effective management tool for virtual enterprise risk evaluation.

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Encryption method based on chaos and fibonacci pseudo-random sequences

Jiang, Ben-Tie (1); Liu, Jia-Hui (2); Xu, Bin (1)

2005, 26 (9): 864-866. DOI: -

Abstract ( 294 )

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Making use of Fibonacci sequencer's self-similarity and the sensitivity of logistic mapping to the initial value under chaotic condition, the Fibonacci sequence and chaotic mapping are mixed together to generate a chaotic pseudo-random sequence with logistic mapping as chaotic model. A simulation was carried out the way the Fibonacci sequence was initially cycled 10000 times taking the coefficient of nonlinear logistic difference equation as 3.8 and then the sequence was reiterated 1000 times. The result showed that the approach proposed can improve the randomness of chaotic sequence output and the limitation of precision so as to degrade the chaotic sequences into periodic sequences, thus enabling the sequences to have good randomness and the period of pseudo-random sequences output to lengthen. It has been proved that encrypting data in such a way can get higher stability and security.

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Preparing semisolid stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti by sloping shearing and cooling

Guan, Ren-Guo (1); Li, Gang (1); Li, Jun-Peng (1); Wen, Jing-Lin (1)

2005, 26 (9): 867-870. DOI: -

Abstract ( 222 )

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An experimental setup has been developed including sloping shearing and cooling system to prepare and investigate the semisolid stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti. It was founded that the shearing/cooling process enables the molten stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti to become semisolid alloy with good microstructure. Under the action of cooling plate and that of gravitational shearing, the microstructure of semisolid alloy gradually evolves from dendrites to fine spherical grains. The sloping angle and the length and surface property of cooling plate affect greatly the microstructure, i.e., when a 650 mm-long pure copper cooling plate tilted at an 45° angle is used the semisolid slabs of stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti of fine spherical microstructure can be well prepared.

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Improving control accuracy of coiling temperature on hot strip mill by artificial neural network

Xie, Hai-Bo (1); Zhang, Zhong-Ping (2); Liu, Xiang-Hua (1); Wang, Guo-Dong (1)

2005, 26 (9): 871-873. DOI: -

Abstract ( 174 )

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In view of the complexity of laminar cooling process of hot-rolled strip, the configuration and mathematical model of air and water cooling of the laminar cooling system in a domestic hot rolling mill were discussed. The model is combined with BP neural network to predict how much the measured value of strip's coiling temperature deviates from its target value. The predicted results prove that combining BP neural network with the model is beneficial to the deviation prediction and, further, to the readjustment of the relevant parameters in the model. Then it is available to control the coiling temperature with high accuracy. Compared with the standard deviation as controlled conventionally by a mathematical model only, the new approach shows that the deviation is decreased by 21.94%.

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Thermodynamic analysis of chlorination-evaporation of heavy metals during melting of ash from municipal waste incineration

Wang, Nan (1); Zou, Zong-Shu (1); Yamaguchi, Shu (2)

2005, 26 (9): 874-877. DOI: -

Abstract ( 246 )

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Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the presence of gaseous SO3 and H2O in the melting process of ash from municipal solid waste incineration leads to a reaction to form Na2SO4 and evolves HCl which is required for the chlorination-evaporation reaction with NaCl as a chloridizing agent at the comparatively low temperature from 800 to 1000°C. Moreover, the activity of Na2O is greatly lowered by adding Al2O3 to Na2O-SiO2 molten slag phase, thus boosting the redecomposition reaction of Na2SO4 to Na2O and SO3 through the reaction with slag phase at higher temperature zone. The residues of highly chemical stability can therefore be obtained.

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On-line fuzzy decision based on mechanism modeling for reheating furnace temperature

Zhang, Wei-Jun (1); Wu, Xue-Qi (1); Chen, Hai-Geng (1)

2005, 26 (9): 878-881. DOI: -

Abstract ( 274 )

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The fuzzy control technique was applied to the dynamic control process of reheating furnace temperature with the data input from the mechanism modeling to track the change in the temperature of all blooms in the furnace, thus building a fuzzy controller with feedforward modification. The controller not only took the output deviations and their change rates of the controlling points in the present zone as the frame of reference to fuzzy decision but took those in the backing zone as the feedforward input so as to enable the furnace temperature decision to get an advance function. The output fluctuation of the furnace and the fuzzy decision system for unscheduled workpieces to roll out were simulated. The results showed that the approach proposed is adaptable to the dynamic characteristics in reheating furnace with excellent controllability.

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Surface metalliztion of continuous carbon fiber

Luo, Tian-Jiao (1); Yao, Guang-Chun (1); Zhang, Xiao-Ming (1); Wu, Lin-Li (1)

2005, 26 (9): 882-885. DOI: -

Abstract ( 342 )

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The electroless copper plating process for continuous carbon fiber using CuSO4·5H2O as the main salt and formaldehyde as reducing agent was experimentally studied, including the effects of pH values and concentration of chelating agents, additives and reducing agent on the electroless plating process. The surface morphology and composition of coating were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and deposited the coating thickness was measurated by way of dissolution. The results indicated that the pretreatment of carbon fiber before plating is so important that it is not only able to prevent from the black core phenomenon but form an active absorption area with Ag as the center on the carbon fiber surface. With the process parameters got and optimized experimentally, the carbon fiber plated with copper shows homogeneous coating with favorable mechanical properties due to stable bath, such as the high bonding strength of coating.

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Synthesis of Eu²⁺-doped blue phosphor and its luminescent performance

Xiao, Lin-Jiu (1); Zhang, Bao-Yan (1); Wang, Shuang-Hong (2); He, Ming-Rui (2)

2005, 26 (9): 886-889. DOI: -

Abstract ( 267 )

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The Eu²⁺-doped BaMgAl10O17 blue-emitting phosphors were prepared by sol-gel technique using citric acid as a complextant. FT-IR, TG-DSC and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the composition of dry gel, the pyrogenic characteristic and relevant crystallization behavior. The luminescent effect of the phosphor was discussed by way of excitation and emission spectral analysis. The results revealed that BaMgAl10O17:Eu²⁺ is crystallized well when the dry gel was sintered at 1200°C, which the temperature of phosphors can be prepared lower 200°C than by way of solid-state method. When the phosphor is excited within UV waveband, wavelengths of maximum excitation and emission are 340 nm, 454 nm, and those are 160 nm and 453 nm within VUV waveband, respectively.

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Visualized 3-D modeling of orebodies

Wang, En-De (1); Li, Yan (1); Bao, Yu-Bin (3)

2005, 26 (9): 890-892. DOI: -

Abstract ( 287 )

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Reviews the previous works in relation to the visualized 3-D modeling of orebodies which is one of critical techniques of mining digitization, including the data interpolation techniques and 3-D modeling of basic orebody. In this respect, the three dimensions are regarded as appropriate to the modeling, i.e., the elements to constitute a model, the type of the data to store in the model and the shape of the elements to constitute the model. A model meeting the actual requirements can therefore be built by combining the three dimensions together. An integrated and clippable Section-TIN-GTP (Section-Triangulated Irregular Net-Ceneralized Tri-Prism) model is proposed to suit the orebody modeling based on borehole data. It can handily employ borehole data to construct the cross-sections of an orebody, then TIN is used to join two adjacent cross-sections to form a wireframe model of the orebody with generalized tri-prisms (GTPs) used to present the internal structure of the orebody. The problems to be studied further for the visualized 3-D modeling of orebodies are put forward.

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Analysis and three-series solution to high-rise structure's galloping oscillation

Dong, Jin-Kun (1); Liu, Bin (1); Zhang, Yan-Nian (1); Ye, Ye (2)

2005, 26 (9): 893-896. DOI: -

Abstract ( 158 )

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The three-series solution is taken up to the nonlinear differential equation of the galloping movement caused by the cross wind force acting on a high-rise structure, thus giving a reduced 3D expression in terms of steady-state response and critical wind speed. Analyzes theoretically the vital factors which may lead to the occurrence of galloping oscillation as follows. The structure may form an airflow breakaway only if the slope of airflow lifting line is of a great negative value, i.e., the structure has a non-streamlined cross-section. The sufficient conditions to an instable structure are heavy mass, small stiffness and damping and tall with high aspect ratio. The equations derived shows that the nonlinear quadratic term of wind speed does not affect the value of critical wind speed but intensify the steady-state response and decrease the response frequency. It implies that the critical wind speed just depend on the first degree term of the speed, on which the initial few minutes to response to galloping oscillation almost depend. A numerical example indicates that the approach proposed is effective and easy to apply to engineering practice.

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Seismic responses of MRD configuration under coupled action of multi-directional earthquake

Zhang, Yan-Nian (1); Liu, Jian-Ping (1); Liu, Bin (1); Li, Yi (1)

2005, 26 (9): 897-900. DOI: -

Abstract ( 235 )

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The horizontal ground movement correlates to its vertical movement and, therefore, the vertical earthquake action will exert an influence on the damping effect the magnetorhrological damper (MRD) is available to obtain. The structure of MRD under the action of earthquake in both horizontal and vertical direction is studied theoretically with a kinematic differential equation given to analyze how the vertical action affects the structure of MRD. The results show that MRD has a good controllable effect whether the vertical action of earthquake is considered or not. However, the seismic responses from MRD structure increase differently with the vertical of earthquake, i.e., the greater the vertical action, the higher the increment. It is thus highly recommended that the influence of vertical earthquake action on various MRD structures shall be taken into account in high-intensity earthquake regions.

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Arrangement of shear connector for steel-high strength concrete continuous composite beams

Xu, Wei (1); Wang, Kun (2); Xu, Feng (2); Wang, Lian-Guang (1)

2005, 26 (9): 901-903. DOI: -

Abstract ( 264 )

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A nonlinear model is presented using ANSYS software to analysis the whole process from loading to fracture of the steel-high strength concrete continuous composite beams in view of the complexity of the beam structure and forces acting on them especially the nonlinearity of the materials used. Shear connector design of the beams is studied with this nonlinear program. The influence of arrangement methods of shear connector is studied. The principle of designing shear connector in steel-high strength concrete continuous composite beams is perfected.

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Optimization of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment with combined anaerobic hydrolysis-UNITANK process

Lang, Xian-Ming (1); Wei, De-Zhou (1); Cui, Zhen-Qiang (2); Gan, Li-Hua (2)

2005, 26 (9): 904-906. DOI: -

Abstract ( 199 )

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Anaerobic hydrolysis reactor and UNITANK reactor are integrated into one to form the anaerobic hydrolysis-UNITANK process so as to treat the pharmaceutical wastewater. The anaerobic hydrolysis is mainly used to hydrolyze the primary organic matters in wastewater for preliminary degradation. Then, the effluent from the anaerobic hydrolysis reactor inters into the UNITANK reactor to degrade organic matters further. The effluent treated by the anaerobic hydrolysis-UNITANK process into the Aeration of Biography Filter (BAF) tank to degrade organic matters once more so as to purify the wastewater. The optimum process parameters and conditions were found through experiments, the optimum hydrolytic temperature is 25°C-30°C and 20°C for anaerobic hydrolysis reactor and UNITANK reactor, respectively, and the optimum retention time is 12 hr and 90 hr for anaerobic hydrolysis reactor and UNITANK reactor, respectively.

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Earnings/risks analysis of competitive and cooperative strategies of the same enterprises

Li, Sen (1); Yang, Xi-Huai (1); Qi, Gui-Qing (1)

2005, 26 (9): 907-910. DOI: -

Abstract ( 278 )

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Two models are set up separately for the competitive strategy and cooperative strategy decided by the same enterprises, with output as the strategy variable and aiming at profit maximization. Comparing the earnings and risks from cooperative strategy with those from competitive strategy as decided by two or more enterprises, a conclusion is drawn that the cooperative one has the features of lower output, higher selling price, more earnings and high risk. Further risk analysis indicates that a enterprise can alter its strategy promptly in accordance to open information on price, so as to reduce the risk from cooperative strategy. However, a enterprises is unavoidably facing to competition even though it has decided to pursue the cooperative strategy with others. What the enterprise can be done is nothing but to turn its key point to reducing cost from increasing output. The cost reduction the core and the only way to maximize profit. One numerical examples are given to illustrate the models.

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Personal financial planning model based on multi-stage stochastic optimization

Jin, Xiu (1); Feng, Ying-Jie (1); Huang, Xiao-Yuan (1)

2005, 26 (9): 911-914. DOI: -

Abstract ( 241 )

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A multi-stage stochastic optimization model was developed for personal financial planning, of which the prospective returns from various assets, wage changes and the uncertainties of payment are taken into account, according to the characteristics of individual savings and consumption. The model was simulated in reference to our country's economic developmental conditions which was reflected by constructing scenario trees. The wage income, prices level and various returns from assets were estimated by use of vector self-regression models. According to different personal consumption preference and pension plans, the optimal personal savings, consumption and loan strategies were given to meet the needs of basic consumption, education payment and long-term objectives so as to secure the personal income after retirement and then satisfy personal desires for consumption.

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Method for overall evaluation of suppliers' co-design competence

Chen, Wei-Ding (1); Fan, Zhi-Ping (1); Wang, Jian-Yu (1); Chen, Yuan (1)

2005, 26 (9): 915-918. DOI: -

Abstract ( 294 )

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The problem of how to perform an overall evaluation of suppliers' co-design competence is studied according to what are actually needed in suppliers' management. An evaluation criteria system is set up involving the competence to support the conceptual design of product and functions, the constructional design and engineering implementation and the process design and manufacturing practice. Then, based on the system and linguistic assessment information, a method for multiple criteria evaluation of suppliers' co-design competence is presented using LWD operator and LOWA operator, with an example given to show its application.

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