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15 August 2025, Volume 46 Issue 8 Previous Issue   
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Research Progress in Key Technologies of Twin-Roll Strip Casting for Industrialization Guo YUAN, Chao WANG, Zhen-lei LI, Guo-dong WANG 2025, 46 (8):  1-10.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20250060 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 6)   PDF (5444KB) ( 30 )   As an important integrated casting-rolling short-process technology in the field of materials and metallurgy， twin-roll strip casting has significant application value in the preparation of thin-gauge strip steel， special steels， and special alloys. Addressing the complex theoretical and technical challenges of multi-element， multi-phase， multi-variable， and strongly coupled high-temperature melt flow and heat transfer during the twin-roll strip casting process， this paper reviews the research progress on key technologies， process control strategies， and product-related technologies. Based on theoretical research and technological development practices， it highlights the independent innovative achievements and technical applications in high-temperature melt distribution， casting roller cooling， side sealing technology， and casting-rolling process control. Finally， it points out the theoretical and technical issues that require further study to promote the application of this technology in the research and production of high-end， high-quality steel materials. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Microstructure and Property Prediction of Hot-Rolled Steel: Development and Prospects from Physical Models to Human-Machine Hybrid Intelligence Si-wei WU, Xiao-guang ZHOU, Zhen-yu LIU, Guo-dong WANG 2025, 46 (8):  11-19.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20250092 Abstract ( 31 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (6044KB) ( 19 )   The research progress of steel microstructure and property prediction models was reviewed， and the hot-rolled industrial model driven by human-machine hybrid intelligence and its components were introduced. By comprehensively utilizing physical metallurgy principles and artificial intelligence technologies， the microstructure evolution in the rolling process was deciphered. In addition， typical application cases of hot-rolled industrial models driven by human-machine hybrid intelligence were introduced in terms of three aspects： microstructure evolution and mechanical property prediction of hot-rolled steel， alloy composition reduction design of high-strength steel， and efficient rolling process development of wide thick plates. This provides references for promoting the rational design of steel research and development from experience-based trial and error to be driven by human-machine hybrid intelligence. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Status and Prospects of Metal Matrix High-Temperature Self-lubricating Composites Ming-hui CHEN, Kai-li SONG, Yu ZHEN, Fu-hui WANG 2025, 46 (8):  20-31.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240217 Abstract ( 26 )   HTML ( 4)   PDF (17852KB) ( 14 )   Traditional self-lubricating composites demonstrate excellent tribological properties through multiphase synergy， yet they face dual challenges of insufficient mechanical strength and high-temperature oxidation failure. The former restricts their load-bearing capacity， while the latter induces kinematic stagnation as a result of excessive oxidation film growth. A new strategy based on oxidation regulation can effectively enhance the comprehensive performance of composites by inducing the in-situ generation of specific oxidation products or structures during the friction process. By systematically reviewing the current research status and problems faced by high-temperature self-lubricating materials， three types of oxidation regulation pathways are mainly expounded， namely selective formation of easily sintered oxides， in-situ construction of surface textures， and autonomous generation of lubricative phases， so as to establish dynamic lubrication mechanisms. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical benchmarks for developing self-lubricating materials with excellent mechanical strength， tribological properties， and oxidation resistance. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Reinforcing Phases of High Arc Resistance Silver-Based Electrical Contact Materials Xu-dong SUN, Bin LIU, Zhi-jie LIN 2025, 46 (8):  32-40.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20250074 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (2963KB) ( 17 )   The arc resistance of silver-based electrical contact materials is directly related to electrical reliability. This paper reviews the research progress of the arc resistance of silver-based electrical contact materials from two perspectives： passive and active arc resistance. In terms of passive arc resistance， the improvement of the melt pool wettability of the reinforcements， the regulation of geometric shapes， and the application of high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity ceramics are discussed in detail. The addition of components that improve the melt pool wettability and the use of reinforcements with special geometric shapes， such as nanoporous structures and sandwich structures， have effectively enhanced the arc resistance of silver-based electrical contact materials. Moreover， the incorporation of high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity ceramics has provided new insights into the arc resistance of these materials. Regarding active arc resistance， the mechanisms of high voltage-resistant reinforcements， dissolving arc interruption reinforcements， vaporizing arc quenching reinforcements， and solid-state phase transformation arc quenching reinforcements are analyzed. Under the development trends of intelligence， electrification， and high power， only by synergistically improving both active and passive arc resistance can the increasingly complex working conditions be met， which is an important direction for the future development of electrical contact materials. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Magnesium Alloys Serving in Complex Environments Hu-cheng PAN, Sen WANG, Yu-ping REN, Gao-wu QIN 2025, 46 (8):  41-56.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240163 Abstract ( 20 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (11169KB) ( 10 )   Magnesium and magnesium alloy have broad application prospects in various fields such as aviation， aerospace， rail transit， and ocean engineering due to their low density and high specific strength. However， there are still significant challenges in further improving the service performance of magnesium alloy in complex environments. This paper reviewed the influence of extreme environments， such as high temperature， low temperature， high-speed deformation， and corrosion， on the microstructure of magnesium alloy and the changes in mechanical properties of magnesium alloy materials. Through induction and summary， specific strategies and suggestions for improving the service performance of magnesium alloy in complex environments were proposed， aiming to promote the service application of new magnesium alloy materials in related environmental fields and provide theoretical guidance for their large-scale application in both national defense and civil fields. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fabricating Novel Metallic Materials Under Thermodynamic Far-from-Equilibrium Conditions Song LI, Yi-hong YU, Gao-wu QIN 2025, 46 (8):  57-76.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240202 Abstract ( 20 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (29152KB) ( 17 )   The preparation of traditional metallic materials is mostly carried out under near-thermodynamic equilibrium conditions， where the interplay of multiple coupled sub-processes within the material limits the formation of ideal microstructures. By precisely regulating the rapid evolution of system thermodynamic parameters across the spatiotemporal dimensions， the material systems can be driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium. This dynamic decoupling of sub-processes enables novel pathways for the evolution of material composition and structure， facilitating the realization of unique microstructures and compositions that transcend the predictions of equilibrium phase diagrams. Guided by this principle， researchers have successfully developed far-from-equilibrium preparation techniques， such as ultrafast heat treatment， Joule heating preparation， and carbothermal shock. These methods have led to the discovery of various novel metallic materials with excellent properties. Principles and strategies for far-from-equilibrium metal material fabrication， focusing on the methods of controlling thermodynamic conditions in spatiotemporal dimensions. Furthermore， it delves into the application prospects of these techniques in the development of new materials， not only deepening the understanding of the nature of non-equilibrium processes but also providing innovative design paradigms for surpassing the performance boundaries of conventional materials. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Status of Research on High-Strength Steel Above 1 800 MPa Grade Hong-liang YI, Ming-hui ZHAO, Rui-ting WANG, Yan-qi MA 2025, 46 (8):  77-92.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20250006 Abstract ( 29 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (9805KB) ( 14 )   High-strength steel occupies an important position in modern industry because of its performance advantages and cost effectiveness. Focusing on its development trends and technical challenges， this paper mainly analyzed three types of martensitic steel with tensile strength exceeding 1 800 MPa and excellent plasticity and toughness， namely low-alloyed martensitic steel， quenching-partitioning （Q&P） martensitic steel， and martensitic aging steel. Low-alloyed martensitic steel was heated to obtain tempered martensitic steel， and the balance of strength and toughness was achieved by adjusting the alloying composition and process. Q&P martensitic steel contained carbon-rich austenite， which enhanced strength and plasticity through phase transformation during deformation. Martensitic aging steel with very low carbon content relied on aging for precipitation strengthening， and its toughness was superior to that of carbon-strengthened steel of the same strength. This paper systematically summarized the research progress in composition design， manufacturing process， and mechanical properties of the above-mentioned high-strength steel. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Fluorescent Probes for Metal Corrosion Detection Qi ZHU, Chao-fan DING, Jun-li YAN, Tao ZHANG 2025, 46 (8):  93-104.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240196 Abstract ( 19 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (12388KB) ( 12 )   The traditional methods of metal corrosion detection have the disadvantages of complex operation， inability to perform real-time monitoring， and high costs， while the fluorescent probe has the advantages of high sensitivity， simple structure， non-destructive detection， in-situ detection， real-time detection， etc. It is a promising method for monitoring the early corrosion of metal， which can independently indicate the coating damage and metal corrosion in the early corrosion stage of metal. The principle of fluorescent probe in monitoring corrosion were reviewed according to the corrosion process of metal， and the fluorescent probes were classified into three categories： pH-sensitive， metal ion-sensitive， and coating damage-sensitive， which display fluorescent reaction according to the change in pH， the presence of metal ions， and the damage of coatings as an early warnings of the beginning of corrosion. The application scenarios， advantages， and disadvantages of different types of fluorescent probes were summarized， and finally， the development prospects of fluorescent probe monitoring technology were predicted. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Silanization on Degradation Performance of Micro-arc Oxidation Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Surfaces Tao ZHANG, Chuang LIU, Yi ZHANG, Fu-hui WANG 2025, 46 (8):  105-112.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20250013 Abstract ( 24 )   HTML ( 3)   PDF (4635KB) ( 20 )   Three types of processes， including electrodeposition， vacuum impregnation， and conventional immersion， were used to modify the micro-arc oxidation （MAO） coatings on Mg-0.45Zn-0.45Ca alloys using KH550 silane.The effects of these silanization processes on the sealing effect for the defects within the MAO coating on the surface of medical magnesium alloys and the long-term degradation performance of the coating in simulated body fluid （SBF） were studied by scanning electron microscopy， Vickers hardness tester， and electrochemical measurements.The results show that silane films can be successfully prepared on the surface of the MAO coating using these three types of processes.Among them， the silane film with a thickness of 1.5~7 μm can be fabricated by electrodeposition， which shows a superior sealing effect to the MAO coating and can enhance the hardness and adhesion strength of the coating.Besides， the MAO coating prepared by electrodeposition after immersion for three months in SBF can effectively protect the magnesium substrate， satisfying the requirements for the biodegradable biomedical magnesium alloys.Therefore， the Mg-0.45Zn-0.45Ca alloy with KH550 silanization electrodeposition and MAO has the potential to be used as degradable magnesium alloys implants. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interface Chemical Bonded Anticorrosion Coatings of Prepared by Thermal Field-Assisted Mechanochemistry Fan-di MENG, Xin-yu WAN, Ya-hui CAI, Li LIU 2025, 46 (8):  113-123.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240214 Abstract ( 26 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (8445KB) ( 16 )   The interfacial compatibility of fillers/resins in coating systems is the key to improving the protection performance of coatings. Mica fillers commonly used in organic anticorrosive coatings were first processed， and mica-epoxy resin modified fillers were prepared by mechanochemistry methods under the auxiliary conditions of normal temperatures and different temperature thermal fields. The feasibility of interfacial chemical bonding between fillers and coatings was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）. The results show that thermal field-assisted mechanochemistry can realize the chemical reaction between resin and mica， which is difficult to proceed under normal conditions. The corrosion resistance test proves that the epoxy coating with modified mica has better corrosion resistance， and the action mechanism of modified mica filler on the coating is discussed， which provides a theoretical basis for the study of thermal field-assisted mechanochemical control of the corrosion resistance of epoxy coating. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thermal Deformation Behavior of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy During Near-Isothermal Rolling Qi-chi LE, Chen ZHOU, Wei-tao JIA, Yun-peng DING 2025, 46 (8):  124-132.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240213 Abstract ( 20 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (10165KB) ( 17 )   The influence of rolling reduction ratio and rolling temperature on the instantaneous temperature rise in the central layer （∆t1）， the steady-state temperature rise after rolling （∆t2）， and the instantaneous temperature drop in the surface layer （∆t3） of AZ31B magnesium alloy during the rolling process was investigated. The near-isothermal rolling state of the rolled slab was evaluated based on the measured rolling temperature data of AZ31B sheets， and the corresponding empirical formulas were established. The results show that ∆t1 and ∆t2 gradually increase with rolling reduction ratio increases， while ∆t3 first increases and then decreases， and the changes in ∆t1 and ∆t2 show a linear relationship with the increase in rolling reduction ratio. In addition， as rolling temperature rises， ∆t1 and ∆t2 gradually decrease， and ∆t3 gradually increases. Moreover， the slope of the linear relationship curve between ∆t1， ∆t2， and the rolling reduction ratio gradually decreases. The trend of the prediction curve obtained from the empirical formula is in good agreement with the experimental data， confirming the feasibility of near-isothermal rolling for AZ31B magnesium alloy. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Regulating Microwave Absorption Performance of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Based on Defect Engineering Yi-xing LI, Pu ZHANG, Zhuo SUN, Xue-feng ZHANG 2025, 46 (8):  133-139.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240203 Abstract ( 22 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (6209KB) ( 21 )   To improve the microwave absorption performance of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs）， a defect engineering strategy was employed by introducing structural defects to modulate defect density through nitric acid treatment with varying concentrations. The results demonstrate that sample treated with 7.32 mol/L nitric acid achieves a minimum reflection loss of -43.8 dB at 13.3 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.3 GHz， significantly outperforming both pristine and over-etched samples. Moderate defect density enhances microwave absorption performance， while excessive etching degrades the graphitic structure and deteriorates performance. This approach， based on defect modulation in a single material rather than traditional composite material design， not only simplifies the fabrication process but also provides new insights for optimizing the performance of microwave absorbing materials. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Transverse Rolling Deformation on Microstructure and Performance of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy Sheets Ni TIAN, Zhi-sen ZHANG, Pei-hong ZHANG, Tian-xiang ZHANG 2025, 46 (8):  140-148.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240185 Abstract ( 21 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (15588KB) ( 13 )   The 7075-T6 aluminum alloy sheets prepared by short flow process and conventional process were studied， and the influence of transverse rolling deformation in alternately rolling on the microstructure and performance of the alloy sheets was analyzed. The results show that as the transverse rolling deformation increases to 80% gradually， the streamline distribution characteristics of excess crystalline particles along the width direction of the alloy sheets strengthen， and the elliptical grains get finer. There is little change in the strength of the alloy sheets， and the elongation rate first increases and then remains unchanged. Alternately， rolling significantly improves the fatigue performance of aluminum alloy. When the transverse rolling deformation is 40%， the fatigue life of alloy sheets prepared by short flow process and conventional process is the longest， with 7.1×106 cycles and 6.6×106 cycles， respectively， which are 8.1 times and 9.3 times longer than that of sheets prepared by full longitudinal rolling process. The short flow process of ingots for direct hot rolling is beneficial for improving the elongation rate and fatigue performance of 7075 aluminum alloy sheets. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Properties of Infrared Transparent (Sc x Y1-x )2O3-MgO Composite Ceramics Xiao-dong LI, Hao-jie MU, Ben-chao LIN, Yang LU 2025, 46 (8):  149-155.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240183 Abstract ( 27 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (5053KB) ( 10 )   Sc2O3-MgO composite ceramics is a highly promising new type of infrared ceramic material， but its application is limited due to its low infrared transmittance. Sc2O3-MgO composite ceramics， incorporating varying atomic fractions of Y2O3， were fabricated via the sol-gel method and hot-press sintering. The phase composition， microstructure， and infrared transmittance of these ceramics were subsequently characterized and investigated， revealing that Y2O3 promoted the densification of （Sc x Y1-x ）2O3-MgO ceramics by comparing the relative densities of the pressureless sintered samples. A series of （Sc x Y1-x ）2O3-MgO ceramics with a ralative density higher than 99% were obtained using hot-press sintering technology. XRD results indicate that the perovskite-type ScYO3 phase with optical anisotropy is generated in the （Sc x Y1-x ）2O3-MgO composite ceramics when the ratio of Y2O3 to Sc2O3 is close （x=0.4~0.6）. The average grain size of the Sc2O3-MgO composite ceramics decreased from 498 nm to 260 nm by replacing part of Sc2O3 with 20% Y2O3 atomic fraction to form a （Sc0.8Y0.2）2O3 solid solution with a low melting point. On this basis， Zr4+ with a 3% atomic fraction was added as a sintering aid to prepare a Zr4+：（Sc0.8Y0.2）2O3-MgO composite ceramics， fine grains of 190 nm， and a maximum infrared transmittance of 85%. Grain refinement of composite ceramics is the main factor in improving optical transmittance while ensuring high density. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Theoretical Prediction of Anomalous Thermoelectric Effects in Topological Nodal Line Material Fe₄C Rong CHEN, Tian-ye YU, Xing-qiu CHEN, Yan SUN 2025, 46 (8):  156-162.  DOI: 10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240237 Abstract ( 26 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (4473KB) ( 16 )   The search for materials with large anomalous Nernst conductivity at room temperature is crucial for the development of thermoelectric devices. Topological magnetic materials， due to their unique electronic structures， can exhibit bigger anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Nernst conductivity compared to conventional magnetic materials. The thermoelectric effects of the Fe4C compound have been studied through first-principles calculations. The results show that the introduction of an external magnetic field breaks symmetry-protected nodal line rings on various mirrors， as well as nodal lines on certain high-symmetry paths， leading to a significant intrinsic Berry curvature. This large intrinsic Berry curvature is the main reason for the substantial anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Nernst conductivity of the Fe4C compound. This finding highlights the strong correlation between crystal symmetry and the intrinsic Berry curvature of the material. Additionally， the temperature-dependent anomalous Nernst conductivity curve shows the potential of the Fe4C compound for applications at room temperature. These results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the thermoelectric effects in Fe4C compounds and their further applications. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics